Transcript WATER.ppt

WATER
Water Content in Body
 Constitutes 40-70% of total body massdepends on age and amount of fat
 Muscle contains 72% water by weight
 Body fat (adipose tissue) contains 50%
water by weight
Fluid Compartments/Balance
 INTRACELLULAR
2/3 of the body fluids

located within cells
 EXTRACELLULAR

1/3 of body fluids
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80% of the ECF is interstitial fluid
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20% of the ECF is blood plasma

Interstitial fluid-lymph, cerebrospinal fluid,
G-I fluids, fluid of the eyes,…
 FLUID BALANCE:
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osmosis- primary way
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electrolyte balance- Na+ is most
abundant in extracellular fluid

K+ is most abundant in intracellular fluid
FUNCTION OF WATER
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Transport System
Reactive medium
Allows for the diffusion of gases
Absorbs heat-regulates body temperature
Lubricates joints
WATER INTAKE (2.5L)
 Liquids
 Solids
 Metabolic activities- depends on the level of
aerobic cellular respiration-reflects the
demand for ATP in body cells
WATER OUTPUT (1.5L)
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Urine
Skin- Insensible perspiration
Expired air
Feces
 Average water intake is 41 ounces.
 Fluid intake can increase five or six times
during exercise.
 Most fruits and vegetables contain a
considerable amount of water.
 When water loss is greater than water gain,
dehydration occurs.
DETERMINE WATER LOSS
THROUGH SWEATING
 Severity of physical activity
 Environmental temperature
 Humidity
HEAT DISORDERS
 Heat Cramps- involuntary muscle spasms
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occurs after intense physical activity
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in a specific muscle exercised
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occurs from an imbalance in hydration
levels (electrolyte concentrations)
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cramping
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provide water, increase salt intake, and
massage
 Heat syncope- giddiness/dizziness
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peripheral vasodilation
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venal blood pooling
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avoid standing, provide water, and
reduce exertion
 Heat Exhaustion- exhaustion
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negative water balance
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flushed skin
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proper water hydration
 Heat Stroke- most severe
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hyperthermia
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lack of sweating
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disoriented, twitching
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get medical attention
FLUID REPLACEMNT IN
EXERCISE
 Must be consumed regularly during physical
activity to avoid dehydration.

to maintain plasma levels so sweating and
circulation can work at optimum levels.
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Pre-exercise hyperhydration delays
dehydration, delays an increase in body
temperature, and increases sweating.
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Before exercise, should consume 13-20
ounces of cold water 10-20 minutes.
REHYDRATION
 Prevent hyperthermia
 Some athletes feel water replacement hinders
exercise performance
wrestlers
 Monitoring changes in body weight allows a
convenient method to access:

fluid loss during exercise and/or heat stress
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adequacy of rehydration in recovery
 Ideal oral rehydration contains 5-8%
carbohydrates
WATER INTOXICATION
 A maximum of about 9.5L cam be consumed daily
without putting stress on the kidneys or diluting the
composition of body fluids.
 More than that is HYPONATREMIA(water
intoxication).
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reduced sodium concentrations
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symptoms include headache, vomiting, edema,
coma, and death.
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 Factors that can lead to hyponatremia:
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high intensity exercise in hot weather
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poorly conditioned individuals with
excessive sweat loss
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physical activity in a sodium depleted
state (salt free or low salt diets)
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use of diuretics
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frequent intake of sodium free fluids
during prolonged exercise.