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淑质英才-喻晓娟工作室微课： — 高考英语阅读理解 主旨大意题解题技巧 单位：江西省临川一中 作者：曹娟 http://www.jxteacher.com/yxj 教材版本：新课标人教版高中英语 阅读理解 适用对象：高中生 How To Get The Main Idea? 如何做主旨大意题? 如何做主旨大意题 做此类题目时，首先要搞清是问某一段还是 全文的大意，可利用文中主要信息来把握文脉， 进行综合归纳，概括文章的主题。如有标题，标 题中蕴含的信息往往是关键信息。另外，任何一 篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，许多文 章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心 词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容 易抓住文章的中心。 另外，要学会借助文章的结构来把 握中心思想。段落中心思想常常由主题 句( Topic sentence)来表达。主题句常 常出现在段首(60%--90%)或段尾处, 有 时也在段落中间。同样, 一篇文章的中 心思想也常常在开始段或结尾段点出。 因此, 在阅读中, 我们要对文章的开始段 和结尾段及段落的主题句给予特别的注 意。 How to get the main idea of a paragraph? 1 Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smoker’s cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it? 2 Often no one looks more guilty than t he innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professi-onal criminal. And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying to hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to try to judge a person only by his appearance appearance. 3 If you were planning to buy a television set, the following advertisement would certainly draw your attention: “Color TV. Only ＄79. Two days sale. Hu-rry.” However, when you go to the store ready to buy. You may discover that they are sold out. But the shop assistant is quick to tell you that he has another model. A much better set which is “just right for you” It costs ＄395. This sales trick is called “bait and switch”. Buyers are baited with a sales advertisement, and then they are switched to another more expensive one. Buying things on sale needs careful consideration of the goods and the reason for the sale. The paragraph could be entitled _________. A. Buyer Beware B. Closeout(出清存货) Sale C. Crime Pays D. Buying a TV Set 4 Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida. The main idea of this paragraph is that ______. detail A. Tom, who had studied at Paris Universities for four years, moved to another university. detail B. Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School and later from Boston College. C. Tom was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university. detail D. Tom received an excellent education. details Paragraph ideas Passage idea Types Of Paragraph Structures type The position of the topic sentence At the beginning At the end In the middle No clear topic sentence