Transcript Document 7138387

Pronunciation Course
Class 11
Compound Nouns
What is the difference between a set
and a descriptive phrase?
Set Phrase
Descriptive Phrase
An English teacher...
...teaches English. ...
An English teacher...
is from England.
An English book...
...teaches the English
An English book...
is on any language subject,
but it came from England.
An English test...
...tests a student on the
English language .
An English test...
is on any subject,
but it deals with or came from
England.
English food...

. . .is kippers for breakfast.
An English restaurant...
...serves kippers for breakfast.
Review - Stress
1. He's a nice guy.
2. He's an American guy from San Francisco.
3. The cheerleader needs a rubber band to hold her
ponytail.
4. The executive assistant needs a paper clip for the
final report.
5. The policeman saw a red car on the freeway in Los
Angeles.
7. My old dog has long ears.
8. The new teacher broke his coffee cup on the first
day.
9. His best friend has a broken cup in his other office.
10. Let's play football on the weekend in New York.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Where are my new shoes?
Where are my tennis shoes?
I have a headache from the heat wave in South Carolina.
The newlyweds took a long walk in Long Beach.
Russian Roulette
Only way to settle this argument is to play Russian
roulette
Do you know how to play Russian roulette?
No, I don't...
You play Russian roulette this way:
I have this pistol
One bullet in chamber
Spin cylinder
Cock the gun
Hold the gun to your head
And pull the trigger
I go first…
Good luck….
Now you go…
Here is the pistol.
Aha you lose!!!!
Japanese Girl
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Pink Panther – French Accent
Rhythm and Intonation



Rhythm= the pattern of stressed and
unstressed syllables.
Content words= nouns, verbs,
adjectives, adverbs, question words.
Function words = articles, helping
verbs, short prepositions, personal
pronouns, conjunctions.
The rhythm rule
The speaker alternates between stressed and
unstressed syllables in regular intervals with the
stress following in content words.
e.g.
I ate an apple.
I ate an apple on Monday.
I ate an apple and drank some soda.
How to stress syllables
There are three ways of emphasizing the
stressed syllable:
By changing the pitch of the stressed syllable.
By pronouncing the stressed syllable louder.
By pronouncing the stressed syllable longer.
Observe the two sentences
I saw a cat on the floor.
I saw a big cat on the floor.
I saw a big cat on the floor. (In order to keep
regular intervals, in this sentence, cat is stressed
and big is said very quickly)
I saw a big cat on the floor. (In order to keep
regular intervals, in this sentence, big is
stressed and cat is said very quickly)
I saw a big cat on the floor. (In order to keep
regular intervals, in this sentence, big and cat
are stressed, but big is pronounced longer than
cat)
Different stress patterns - rhythm
They live
In an old
house
They live
In a nice
old
house
They live
In a lovely old
house
They’ve
In a
been living delightful
old
cottage
Weak or Reduced Words

Sometimes, vowels or consonants of
some function words are reduced in
normal conversation.
Prepositions
Full Form
Reduced Example
Form
To
/t/
//
of
//
/()/ Out of oil.
For
//
At
//
// He’s away for 2
weeks.
//
He’s at work, I
think.
From // /
/
He went to work.
She comes from
England.
Conjunctions
Full Form
Reduced Example
Form
And
//
//
or
//
//
But
//
//
than //
//
Thin and tall
Rock and roll
Cream or sugar
Soup or salad
She loves fish
but hates meat.
She’s older than
you.
Pronouns
Full Form
Reduced Example
Form
You
//
//
Your
//
He
//
Him
//
// Where’s your
boss?
/i/
Does he work
here?
//
I’ll talk to him
later.
How do you do?
Pronouns
Full Form
Reduced Example
Form
Her
// //
Us
//
Them //
//
Tell her I miss
her.
Let us know.
//
//
Warn them about
it.
Auxiliary Verbs
Full
Form
Reduced
Form
Example
// // What could you
do?
Should // // What should I
do?
Would // // What would you
do?
// //
Have
I could have done
this.
//
Could
Must
/ // She must have
/
seen it.
Auxiliary Verbs
Do
Full
Form
Reduced Example
Form
//
/d/
How do you do?
/t
/
I used to study
hard.
Used to /t
/
Articles
Full Form
A
An
The
//
//
//
Reduced Example
Form
//
He’s a doctor.
Jill is a chef.
//
She’s an
architect.
//
//
The car.
The apartment.
Extra Practice










I’ve already talked with him about the new
project.
I should have contacted her earlier.
Would you mind if I ask them to close the
door?
The orange is for you.
Julia is prettier than Susan.
Are you from around here?
I know fat is not healthy, but I love it.
Give us a hand, would you?
They have had to pay a lot of money.
What was he doing?
Exercise: What are they saying?







What dya want?
What zi do?
Wherve ya bin?
Where di go?
Weev seen im
Allseeya
Hauzigoing?
Practicing syllable stress patterns
1 Syllable
Pattern 1a
Pattern 1b
A
B
C
la!
cat
jump
box
get
quick
choice
loss
stop
which
bit
hit
la-a
dog
see
plan
law
goes
choose
lose
bid
bead
car
know
2 Syllables
Pattern 2a
la-la
a dog
a cat
destroy
a pen
pretend
your job
pea soup
Bob Smith
my car
some more
red tape
enclose
consume
my choice
How's work?
for you
Who knows?
cassette
ballet
valet
to do
today
tonight
Pattern 2b
la-la
hot dog
icy
suitcase
project
sunset
Get one!
Do it!
wristwatch
textbook
bookshelf
sunshine
placemat
stapler
modern
modem
phone book
doorknob
notebook
house key
ballot
valid
dog show
want ad
3 Syllables
A
Pattern 3a
la-la-la
Bob's hot dog
Bob won't know.
Sam's the boss.
Susie's nice.
Bill went home.
Cats don't care.
Stocks can fall.
School is fun.
Pattern 3b
la-la-la
a hot dog
I don't know.
He's the boss.
We cleaned up.
in the bag
for a while
I went home.
We don't care.
It's in March.
B
C
Worms eat dirt.
Inchworms inch.
Pets need care.
Ed's too late.
Paul threw up.
Wool can itch.
Birds sing songs.
Spot has fleas.
Nick's a punk.
Make a cake.
He forgot.
Take a bath.
We're too late.
I love you.
over here
What a jerk!
How's your job?
How'd it go?
Who'd you meet?
Joe has three.
Bob has eight.
Al jumped up.
Glen sat down.
Tom made lunch.
Kids should play.
Mom said, "No!"
Mars is red.
Ned sells cars.
IBM
a good time
Use your head!
How are you?
We came home.
on the bus
Engineer
She fell down.
They called back.
You goofed up.
Pattern 3c
la-la-la
a hot dog
I don't know!
Jim killed it.
tomorrow
a fruitcake
the engine
a wineglass
potato
whatever
percentage (%)
advantage
It's starting.
Let's try it.
financial
I thought so.
on Wednesday
in April
I love you.
Let's tell him.
Pattern 3d
la-la-la
hot dog stand
I don't know.
analyze
article
dinnertime
digital
analog
cell structure
alphabet
possible
Show me one.
area
punctuate
emphasis
syllable
PostIt note
Rolodex
Ohio
his football
They're leaving.
How are you?
emphatic
Dale planned it.
You took it.
external
a bargain
Don't touch it.
phone number
think about
comfortable
waiting for
pitiful
everything
orchestra
ignorant
Rubbermaid
4 Syllables
A
B
Pattern 4a
la-la-la-la
Nate needs a break.
Spot's a hot dog. Ed took my car.
Jim killed a snake. Jill ate a steak.
Joe doesn't know. Spain's really far.
Nate bought a book. Jake's in the lake.
Pattern 4b
la-la-la-la
It's a hot dog.
He killed a snake.
He doesn't know.
We came back in.
He bought a book.
She asked for help.
We took my car.
We need a break.
It's really far.
I love you, too.
They got away.
C
Max wants to know.
Al's kitchen floor
Bill's halfway there.
Roses are red,
Violets are blue.
I want to know.
The kitchen floor
We watched TV.
She's halfway there.
We played all day.
Please show me how.
Pattern 4c
la-la-la-la
Bob likes hot dogs.
Ann eats pancakes.
Cats eat fish bones.
Bears are fuzzy.
Planets rotate.
Boys ring doorbells.
Bill ate breakfast.
Guns are lethal.
Inchworms bug me.
Ragtops cost more.
Salesmen sell things.
Phil knows mailmen.
Joe grew eggplants.
Humpty Dumpty
Hawks are vicious.
Homework bores them.
Mike can hear you.
Pattern 4d
la-la-la-la
It's my hot dog.
imitation
analytic
We like science.
my to-do list
an alarm clock
He said "lightbulb."
I don't need one. What does 'box' mean?
Ring the doorbell.
Put your hands up.
What's the matter? Where's the mailman?
introduction
an assembly
my report card
definition
Pattern 4e
la-la-la-la
a hot dog stand
Jim killed a man.
analysis
Invisible
a platypus
potato chip
Whose turn is it?
We worked on it.
How tall are you?
insanity
ability
What time is it?
my phone number
Let's eat something.
How old are you?
untouchable
a maniac
supervisor
window cleaner
race car driver
January
progress report
lighthouse keeper
cough medicine
business meeting
February
baby-sitter
Pattern 4f
la-la-la-la
permanently
demonstrated
category
office supplies
Practice Different Patterns using
Nonsense Syllables
Read first across, then down:
A
1.
2.
3.
4.
B
duh
duh
duh
duh
duh
duh
duh
duh
duh
duh
duh
duh
1.
2.
3.
4.
C
la
la
la
la
la
la
la
la
la
la
la
la
1.
2.
3.
4.
D
mee
mee
mee
mee
mee
mee
mee
mee
mee
mee
mee
mee
1.
2.
3.
4.
ho
ho
ho
ho
ho
ho
ho
ho
ho
ho
ho
ho
Practice Different Patterns using
Nonsense Syllables
1.
2.
3.
4.
duh duh duh
ABC
123
Dogs eat bones.
1. duh duh duh
2. imprecise
3. a hot dog
4. They eat bones.
1. duh duh duh
2. condition
3. a hot dog
4. They eat them.
1. duh duh duh
2. alphabet
3. hot dog stand
4. Give me one.
1. Dogs eat bones.
2. Mike likes bikes.
3. Elsa wants a book.
4. Adam plays pool.
5. Bobby needs some money.
Bob sees Betty.
Betty knows Bob.
Ann and Ed call the kids.
Jan sells some apples.
Jean sells cars.
Bill and I fix the bikes.
He sees her.
She knows him.
They call them.
She sells some.
She sells them.
We fix them.