Transcript The benefit of GIS-reporting in the context of Water-related Health Dr. Ina Wienand (MSc GIS) Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn,

The benefit of GIS-reporting
in the context of
Water-related Health
Dr. Ina Wienand (MSc GIS)
Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn, Germany
WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Promoting Water Management
and Risk Communication
Why using GIS in the context
of Water & Health?
Water-related health is a matter of spatial aspects
• high interoperability with environmental conditions
like precipitation, soil, aquifer, geology, temperature
chemical aspects
• water infrastructure
• epidemiology of water-related diseases
GIS is able to show the spatial distribution of waterrelated health data as thematic maps with different
layers while using tables and data in the background
Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn, Germany
WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Promoting Water Management
and Risk Communication
Concept of GIS
vector
Data recording
raster
+
attribute data
+
.
. .
tables
Data
organization
Geodatabase
. ..
polygons
lines
points
Data analysis
Data output
maps
tables
+
Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn, Germany
WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Promoting Water Management
and Risk Communication
Desktop-GIS versus Web-GIS
Implementing data
into a desktop GIS
Desktop-GIS: ArcGIS 9
Geodatabase
Storing data
in a geodatabase
Implementing
data into
the Web-GIS
Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn, Germany
WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Promoting Water Management
and Risk Communication
What are the advantages of GIS reporting?
• GIS presentation, layout and classification
can be easily modified and adopted towards
individual data
• GIS include an extensive list of functions for
analyzing and visualizing spatial data
• GIS can be permanently updated and maps can be
produced in a very short time
• GIS can be used by advanced professionals and
distributed to a large audience (e.g. internet)
• GIS software does not have to be expensive
Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn, Germany
WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Promoting Water Management
and Risk Communication
Web-GIS mapping on a cross-national level
Getting information for the
selected country
Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn, Germany
WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Promoting Water Management
and Risk Communication
Web-GIS mapping on a cross-national level
Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn, Germany
WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Promoting Water Management
and Risk Communication
Development of a Web-GIS approach
on a cross-national level
Differences to other static internet maps
• selecting different layers (overlay layers)
• zooming in and out (dynamic map)
• selecting a specific region on a map
• getting information of a specific country which is
stored in the background for all years
• labeling layers
Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn, Germany
WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Promoting Water Management
and Risk Communication
Desktop-GIS mapping
on a national level
Giardiasis incidence in
Germany on the district
level from 2001 to 2003
Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn, Germany
WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Promoting Water Management
and Risk Communication
Desktop-GIS mapping
on a national level
Extreme values of
Giardiasis incidence
in Germany
Spatial statistical analysis
(poisson distribution)
Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn, Germany
WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Promoting Water Management
and Risk Communication
Desktop-GIS mapping
on a national level
Surface water
abstraction
per inhabitant in the
year 2001 in Germany
Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn, Germany
WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Promoting Water Management
and Risk Communication
Desktop-GIS mapping
on a national level
Inhabitants per
drinking water
extracting plant
in Germany in 2001
Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn, Germany
WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Promoting Water Management
and Risk Communication
Desktop-GIS mapping on the catchment level
Prioritizing
landuse risks
(according
to the
WSP concept)
Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn, Germany
WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Promoting Water Management
and Risk Communication
Desktop-GIS mapping on the catchment level
Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn, Germany
WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Promoting Water Management
and Risk Communication
Desktop-GIS mapping on the catchment level
Vulnerable
population
groups and
residents
Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn, Germany
WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Promoting Water Management
and Risk Communication
Results and future prospects I
• Data required by the progress monitoring system
of the Protocol on Water and Health have a spatial
component -> GIS is an ideal reporting tool
• GIS is flexible in respect of integrating and combining
other additional information into one reporting system
• There are GIS standards available (OGC -> Open
Geospatial Consortium) which provide a platform for
interchanging data, models and results
Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn, Germany
WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Promoting Water Management
and Risk Communication
Results and future prospects II
• GIS analysis shows the identification of critical areas
and provides therefore political action on a local basis
• GIS reporting can be fully adopted in the Water
Safety Plan approach (WSP)
• GIS forms the basis of an effective public
communication tool
• Costs can be mitigated by using Open Source
software and moving from desk-top applications to
Web-based GIS systems
Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn, Germany
WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Promoting Water Management
and Risk Communication
Future needs for GIS reporting
on a cross-national level?
• The level of data collection differs between
countries (e.g. district or catchment areas)
• Methods measuring, collecting and preprocessing
data have to be standardized
• Data descriptions have to be included into the
metadata or refer to an external file of definition
• As a result data can be analyzed on a cross-national
level and allow conclusions which cannot be reached
on local basis
Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn, Germany
WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Promoting Water Management
and Risk Communication
Scheme of Cross-national GIS reporting
Crossnational
Web-GIS
Use standardized data
and metadata
National Desktop GIS
Country I
Country II
Country III
Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn, Germany
WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Promoting Water Management
and Risk Communication
…etc.
Thank you for your attention! Questions?
Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University of Bonn, Germany
WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Promoting Water Management
and Risk Communication