Transcript Moses, Joshua, and the Judges The first four The last six commandments commandments Deals with Israel’s Deals with men’s relationship with the relationship with one Lord. another. Reasons given.

Moses,
Joshua, and the Judges
The first four
The last six
commandments commandments
Deals with Israel’s
Deals with men’s
relationship with the relationship with one
Lord.
another.
Reasons given for
No reasons needed.
each command.
Completely unique to
These laws are
this constitution. No
common to most of
other society in the the ancient cultures of
ancient world had
that day.
similar laws.
The cloud covered the
tent of meeting, and the
glory of the Lord filled
the tabernacle (Exodus
40:34)
Kadesh
Barnea
EGYPT
MOAB
EDOM
Reuben
Gad
Mannaseh
Deuteronomy & the Suzerain
Treaties
•
•
•
•
The Preamble
The Historical Prologue
The Stipulations
Deposit and Reading of the
Covenant
• Witnesses
• Curses & Blessings
• Moses dies
• Joshua takes
the land
Tel el Amarna
Egypt
1887
 El Amarna
 Jericho
City of Palms
John Garstang
Excavated from
1930-1936
Neolithic Wall
Kathleen Kenyon
Director of British
School of Archaeology
from 1952-1958
Bryant Wood
Adam 
 Ai
Jericho 
 Jebus
(Jerusalem)
Pool of Gibeon
Joshua 10:1-2
Now it came about when Adoni-zedek
king of Jerusalem heard that Joshua had
captured Ai, and had utterly destroyed it
(just as he had done to Jericho and its
king, so he had done to Ai and its king),
and that the inhabitants of Gibeon had
made peace with Israel and were within
their land, that he feared greatly, because
Gibeon was a great city, like one of the
royal cities, and because it was greater
than Ai, and all its men were mighty.
Descent of
Beth Horon

Gibeon

Jerusalem
Jarmuth


Eglon
 Lachish
 Ai
 Hebron
Confederation
of Kings from
the South
 Jericho
Joshua 10:11
And it came about as they fled
from before Israel, while they were at
the descend of Beth-horon, that the
Lord threw large stones from heaven
on them, as far as Azekah, and they
died; there were more who died from
the hailstones than those whom the
sons of Israel killed with the sword.
~yIm;V'h;-!mi
Descent of
Beth Horon
Jarmuth


Azekah

Eglon
 Lachish
 Ai

Gibeon

Jerusalem
 Hebron
 Jericho
Joshua 10:12-13
Then Joshua spoke to the Lord in the day
when the Lord delivered up the Amorites before the
sons of Israel, and he said in the sight of Israel,
"O sun, stand still at Gibeon,
And O moon in the valley of Aijalon."
So the sun stood still, and the moon stopped,
Until the nation avenged themselves of their
enemies.
Is it not written in the book of Jashar? And the sun
stopped in the middle of the sky, and did not hasten
to go down for about a whole day.
Interpretations for this
Passage
• Poetic Interpretation
• Can mean “stand still” or “be silent”
• Moon also stands still
• Alternative: Sun called to shine more
brightly
• Literal Interpretation
• Sun stopped
• Sun did not hasten to go down
• Localized or affecting whole planet?
Joshua 10:14
And there was no day like that
before it or after it, when the Lord
listened to the voice of a man; for the
Lord fought for Israel.
Hazor


 Madon
Shimron
Achshaph 
Hazor
Solomonic
Gate
Joshua’s Failures
• He made a treaty with Gibeon
• He failed to take Jerusalem
• He failed to permanently drive
out the Canaanites
Indo-European
Tribes
Troy
Hittites
Mycenaeans
“The LORD
raised up a
deliverer.”
“And when the sons
of Israel cried out to
the LORD…”
“The
Israelites did
evil in the
sight of the
LORD.”
“The LORD sold
them into the hands
of their enemies”
Prologue in two parts (1-2)
Othniel Narrative (3:7-11)
•Ehud Narrative (3:12-31)
Judge is social outcast
Oppressors from east of the Jordan
Judges 3:8-9
Then the anger of the LORD was
kindled against Israel, so that He sold them
into the hands of Cushan-rishathaim king of
Mesopotamia; and the sons of Israel served
Cushan-rishathaim eight years. 9 And when
the sons of Israel cried to the LORD, the
LORD raised up a deliverer for the sons of
Israel to deliver them, Othniel the son of
Kenaz, Caleb's younger brother.
Kingdom of
Mitanni
Ehud
Deliverance from Moab
City of Palm Trees
Ammon
Moab
Amalekites
Judges 3:15
But when the sons of Israel cried to
the Lord, the Lord raised up a deliverer
for them, Ehud the son of Gera, the
Benjamite, a left-handed man. And the
sons of Israel sent tribute by him to
Eglon the king of Moab.
nIymiy>h;-!B,
“Son of the
right hand”
Anymiy>-dy: rJeai vyai
“A man bound
in his right hand”
Judges 3:16-17
And Ehud made himself a sword
which had two edges, a cubit in length;
and he bound it on his right thigh under
his cloak.
17 And he presented the tribute to
Eglon king of Moab. Now Eglon was a
very fat man.
16
Judges 3:20-22
And Ehud came to him while he
was sitting alone in his cool roof
chamber. And Ehud said, "I have a
message from God for you." And he
arose from his seat.
21 And Ehud stretched out his left
hand, took the sword from his right thigh
and thrust it into his belly. 22 The handle
also went in after the blade, and the fat
closed over the blade, for he did not
draw the sword out of his belly; and the
refuse came out.
20
Judges 3:23-25
Then Ehud went out into the
vestibule and shut the doors of the roof
chamber behind him, and locked them.
24 When he had gone out, his servants
came and looked, and behold, the doors
of the roof chamber were locked; and
they said, "He is only relieving himself in
the cool room." 25 And they waited until
they became anxious; but behold, he did
not open the doors of the roof chamber.
Therefore they took the key and opened
them, and behold, their master had
fallen to the floor dead.
Prologue in two parts (1-2)
Othniel Narrative (3:7-11)
•Ehud Narrative (3:12-31)
Judge is social outcast
Oppressors from east of the Jordan
•Deborah/Barak Narrative (4-5)
Woman slays enemy with blow to head
Deborah
Deliverance from Hazor
Hazor
 Hazor
Harosheth
Ha-goyim
“Cutting of
the Nations”
.
Mt Tabor
Prologue in two parts (1-2)
Othniel Narrative (3:7-11)
•Ehud Narrative (3:12-31)
Judge is social outcast
Oppressors from east of the Jordan
•Deborah/Barak Narrative (4-5)
Woman slays enemy with blow to head
Gideon Narrative (6:1 – 8:32)
Gideon
The Warrior of the Lord
Midian
Camp
Armies
of Israel
Prologue in two parts (1-2)
Othniel Narrative (3:7-11)
•Ehud Narrative (3:12-31)
Judge is social outcast
Oppressors from east of the Jordan
•Deborah/Barak Narrative (4-5)
Woman slays enemy with blow to head
Gideon Narrative (6:1 – 8:32)
•Abimelech Narrative (8:33 – 10:5)
Woman slays enemy with blow to head
Abimelech
“My Father the King”
Shechem
Victory from the Seed
of the Woman
Killed
Tent peg
by a
through
woman the Head
Millstone
Abimelech
crushed
his Head
Sisera
Jephthah
The Deliverer who Vowed
Philistines
Ammon
Jephthah’s Vow
Dedicated to God
Human Sacrifice
Being a judge, Jephthah
must have been Godfearing and would not
have violated the law
The promise of a simple
animal sacrifice would not
be a convincing vow in
this situation
The Spirit of the Lord
comes on Jephthah and
he is seen in Hebrews 11
as one of faith
Daughter bewails her
virginity and Judges
11:29 says “she knew
not a man”
This does not take place
while the Spirit of the Lord
is on him and he is not
commended for this
Burnt offering involves
death in all 286 Old
Testament instances
Jephthah’s Vow
Dedicated to God
Human Sacrifice
Exodus 38:8 & 1 Samuel
2:22 speak of women in
service to the Tabernacle
If this were merely serving
in the Tabernacle, why
would this be a case for
mourning?
Human sacrifice was a
clear violation of God’s
law; public opinion would
have disallowed it
Leviticus 27:1-8 allows
for redemption of
humans vowed for
sacrifice
Human sacrifice was
viewed as a last-ditch
effort in battle (2 Kings
3:27)
There is little evidence of
Jephthah’s knowledge of
the Law
Prologue in two parts (1-2)
Othniel Narrative (3:7-11)
•Ehud Narrative (3:12-31)
Judge is social outcast
Oppressors from east of the Jordan
•Deborah/Barak Narrative (4-5)
Woman slays enemy with blow to head
Gideon Narrative (6:1 – 8:32)
•Abimelech Narrative (8:33 – 10:5)
Woman slays enemy with blow to head
•Jephthah Narrative (10:6 – 12:15)
Judge is social outcast
Oppressors from east of the Jordan
Samson Narrative (13-16)
Samson
The “He-Man” with the
“She Weakness”
Sea Peoples
Samson
Minoans?
Judges 13-16
 Ai

Gibeon
Timnah
Ekron 

Ashdod 

Beth Shemesh
 Ashkelon
 Gaza

Jerusalem
 Jericho
Samson Narrative
• Nazarite Vow
• Desire for a Philistine
woman
• Wedding incident
• Vengeance
• Lehi Incident
• Gates of Gaza
• Samson & Delilah
Prologue in two parts (1-2)
Othniel Narrative (3:7-11)
•Ehud Narrative (3:12-31)
Judge is social outcast
Oppressors from east of the Jordan
•Deborah/Barak Narrative (4-5)
Woman slays enemy with blow to head
Gideon Narrative (6:1 – 8:32)
•Abimelech Narrative (8:33 – 10:5)
Woman slays enemy with blow to head
•Jephthah Narrative (10:6 – 12:15)
Judge is social outcast
Oppressors from east of the Jordan
Samson Narrative (13-16)
Epilogue in two parts (17-21)
Judges 17:6
In those days there was no king in
Israel; every man did what was right in
his own eyes.
17:1
Levite from Bethlehem becomes a
priest to the people of Dan
Judges 17:6
In those days there was no king in
Israel; every man did what was right in
his own eyes.
17:1
19:1
Levite from Bethlehem becomes a
priest to the people of Dan
Concubine from Bethlehem murdered
in Gibeah and sparks war against
tribe of Benjamin
Hill Country
of Ephraim
Gibeon


Gibeah
Jebus 
(Jerusalem)
 Bethlehem
Judges 17:6
In those days there was no king
in Israel; every man did what was
right in his own eyes.
17:1
Levite from Bethlehem becomes a
priest to the people of Dan
19:1 Concubine from Bethlehem murdered
in Gibeah and sparks war against
tribe of Benjamin
Ruth Ruth and Naomi return to Bethlehem
where Ruth has grandfather of David
Naomi’s
Bitterness (1)
Ruth discovers a
potential kinsman
redeemer (2)
Naomi’s Blessing
(4:13-21)
Boaz acquires right
to be a kinsman
redeemer (4:1-12)
Boaz agrees to be a
kinsman redeemer (3)