Transcript 2 - Goodheart

Chapter
Safety
2
Objectives
• Explain what OSHA is and its purpose.
• Explain housekeeping measures that promote safe
working conditions.
• List and describe clothing safety as it applies to
carpenters.
• List other personal protective equipment
recommended for carpenters to use.
OSHA.gov
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Objectives (Cont.)
• List safety measures relating to shoring and
scaffolding.
• Cite safety measures relating to hand and power
tools.
• Explain how electrical power is used safely on a
jobsite.
• Describe proper methods of lifting and carrying to
avoid personal injury.
• Describe the classes of fires.
Leviton
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Workplace Safety
• Carpentry tools and materials can cause serious injury
• 17.6% of fatalities in industry are construction related
• Causes of construction worker deaths
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Falls
Electrocution
Struck by object
Caught-in/between
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Occupational Safety and Health
Administration
• OSHA protects workers
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Standards for workplace safety
Health information and training
Safety training for employers and workers
Inspecting workplaces
• States to establish their own safety and health
programs
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OSHA-Approved State Plans
OSHA.gov
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Employers’ Responsibilities under
OSHA
• Provide safe workplaces
• Try to eliminate or reduce hazards
• Provide “competent person” to perform certain
functions
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Workers’ Responsibilities under OSHA
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Become familiar with OSHA poster
Follow safety and health rules
Follow safe work practices
Report safety hazards to employer
Report to OSHA if employer fails to correct problems
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OSHA Poster
OSHA.gov
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Safety Culture
• In good safety culture, workers:
– Watch for potential hazards and take action to eliminate
them
– Use proper safety equipment; perform tasks safely
• In good safety culture, employers:
– Provide safety training
– Provide equipment and materials for safe work
– Consider safety when planning work
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General Safety Rules
• Safety is based on
– Knowledge
– Skill
– Caring attitude
• Be familiar with potential
hazards
• Take steps to minimize or
eliminate hazards
gpointstudio/iStock/Thinkstock
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Good Housekeeping
• Maintain clean site to
help prevent accidents
• Store materials and tools
properly
• Place rubbish and scrap
in containers for disposal
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Pro Tip
• Remove nails from lumber scraps before discarding
them
• Failure to do so could result in injury from puncture
• Injuries can lead to lost time on job
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Thinking Green
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Damaged and lost materials create unnecessary waste
Store materials in secure location to minimize theft
Protect stored materials from bad weather
Locate materials away from worker pathways
Keep materials neatly organized
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Clothing
• Wear appropriate clothing
for work and weather
conditions
• Avoid loose-fitting or
ragged clothing
• Wear sturdy shoes with
thick soles
• Wear comfortable
headgear to provide
necessary protection
Nomar
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Personal Protective Equipment
• May be required on many
jobs
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Safety glasses
Safety boots and shoes
Hard hat
Particulate mask
Respirator
Hearing protection
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Fall Protection
• Falls are leading cause of
worker fatalities in
construction industry
• OSHA requires fall
protection
– Fall-arrest harness
– Guardrail
Super Anchor Manufacturing
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Scaffolds and Ladders
• Scaffolds
– Must have minimum safety factor of four
– May pose electrocution hazard
• Ladders
– Inspect regularly
– Use only for climbing from one level to another
– May also pose electrocution hazard
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Hand Tools
• Use correct type and size
of tool
• Be sure tool is sharp and
properly adjusted
• Use tool belt to keep
hand tools close by
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Rules for Hand Tools
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Hold hand tools correctly
Be careful when starting cut with handsaw
Keep edged and pointed tools turned downward
Carry only few tools at one time
Do not carry sharp tools in your pockets
Store tools properly
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Power Tools
• Be thoroughly familiar
with how tool works
• Know correct procedures
• Check power cord to
make sure there are no
breaks in insulation
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Electrical Power
• Used often on job sites
• May be from power pole
or generator
• Safe use is important
• Even small amounts can
cause serious injury or
death
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Electrical Conductors
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Moisture can turn many materials into conductors
Workers can receive electrical shocks
Make sure tools you use are grounded
Circuit breakers and fuses provide some protection
against shock
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Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter
• Detects tiny amounts of
current
• Opens circuit before
shock can occur
• Especially important to
use when moisture is
present
Leviton
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Compressed Air
• Tools powered by compressed air are called pneumatic
tools:
– Can be dangerous
– High pressure can cause particles to puncture human
skin
– Serious damage can occur if directed at eyes or ears
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Safety Note
• Wear safety glasses
when working with
pneumatic tools
• Never direct air stream at
people
• Use quick-disconnect
coupling with pneumatic
tools
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Decks and Floors
• Carpenter should stand on firm, solid base
• Surface should be smooth, but not slippery
• Do not attempt to work over rough piles of earth or on
stacks of material
• Stay well away from floor openings, floor edges, and
excavations
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Excavations
• Shoring and bracing must be placed where ground is
cracked or cave-in may occur
• Ask utility companies to mark any buried utilities on site
• Trenches pose hazards from shifting soil
• Shoring or trench box can be used to work safely in
trenches
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Falling Objects
• On upper levels of structure, be cautious when
handling materials
• Falling materials can be hazards to workers below you
• Position pieces of lumber on angle so they will not fall
sideways
• Be aware of overhead work and wear approved
hard hat
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Handling Hazardous Materials
• Materials used can pose hazards
• Employers should notify employees about hazardous
materials
• Safety data sheet
– Hazard descriptions
– How to avoid hazards
– What to do in case of exposure to hazards
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Pressure-Treated Lumber
• Requires special safety
precautions
• Wear particulate mask,
safety goggles, and
gloves
• Do not burn scraps of
treated wood
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Lifting and Carrying
• Improper lifting and carrying of heavy objects may
cause injuries
• Follow safety procedures when lifting
– Stand close to load
– Bend your knees and grasp object firmly
– Lift by straightening your legs
• If load is heavy or bulky, have others help
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Classes of Fires
• Fires can be classified as one of four different types
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Fire Protection
• Know causes of fires and methods of controlling them
• Follow approved fire prevention practices
– Follow good housekeeping procedures
– Keep containers of flammable materials closed when not
in use
– Dispose of oily rags and combustible materials promptly
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Fire Extinguishers
• Use proper type of fire
extinguisher for each type
of fire
• Using wrong extinguisher
could increase danger
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First Aid
• Knowledge of first aid is important
• Accident victim may receive additional injury from
unskilled treatment
• Keep approved first aid kit on jobsite
• Clean, sterilize, and bandage all cuts and nicks
• Maintain current tetanus shot
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Construction Careers
Construction Estimators
• Develop cost estimates in
great detail
• Usually work from building
plans
• Work for building
contractors or large
architectural or
engineering firms
• Usually have college
degree
Marcin Balcerzak/Hemera/Thinkstock
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