Transcript 幻灯片 1

New Horizon College English Book IV
Key to Unit Eight
Section A
Slavery Gave Me Nothing to Lose
Section B
Why Are Women Afraid of Wrinkles?
Exercises
Section A
1.Comprehension 《读写教程 III》: Ex. I, p. 182
2. Vocabulary
《读写教程 III》: Ex. III, p.182
《读写教程 III》: Ex. IV, p. 183
3.Collocation
《读写教程 III》: Ex. VI, p. 184
4. Word Building 《读写教程 III》: Ex. VII, p.185
《读写教程 III》: Ex. VIII, p. 186
5.Structure
《读写教程 III》: Ex. IX, p.187
《读写教程 III》: Ex. X, p. 188
6.Translation
《读写教程 III》: Ex. XI, p. 188
《读写教程 III》: Ex. XII, p. 189
Vocabulary
III. Complete the following sentences with the help of the first letters.
1. The spy looked cau______ around and then walked away from
the cinema and disappeared into the dark.
2. The man was sentenced to 10 years in prison after he was
accused of bri_____ a senior bank official.
3. The black girl’s family strongly disa______ of her behaving
joyfully in public, especially before strangers.
4. So, in the evening when the body temperature is beginning to
fall, there is a natural ten______ to fall asleep and in the
morning, when body temperature begins to rise rapidly, we are
most likely to wake up.
5. The car accident has caused per____ damage to her eyesight.
1. cautiously 2. bribing 3. disapprove(d) 4. tendency 5. permanent
6. There was a feeling of disappointment and dep_______ in the
office when the news of the job cuts was announced.
7. Beautiful women are better than flowers because they understand
human language, and flowers are better than beautiful women because
they give off fra_______.
8. Although these opportunities don’t gua_______ to lead to success,
market-orientated businesses should find them worth considering
9.Have you ever read Randolph’s work? It is ex_________ concerned
with the effects of pollution on earth.
10. In his speech, he expressed his deep debt of gratitude to all of
the people who had given so gen______ of their time and money in
support of his work.
6. depression 7. fragrance 8. guarantee 9. exclusively 10. generously
Vocabulary
IV. Replace the underlined words or expressions in the following sentences
with expressions from the text that best keep the original meaning.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Howard sat looking carefully at the busy traffic in the street
through his glasses.
The performance had to be stopped when the actor fell off the
stage and had his left leg broken.
People who were opposed to cigarette advertising were more likely
to give up smoking than those who approved of it.
The builders are trying to support the crumbling walls of the
church.
In general, the increasingly exaggerated claims of some beauty
products by the advertisements are vacant promises.
1. peering at 2. be broken off 3. disapproved of 4. prop up 5. In the main
Vocabulary
6. Sometimes in the afternoon, I, together with my cousins, went to
the river to fish.
7. During that time, white people were different from black people
to me because they seemed to speak a strange language.
8. When politicians mess things up, they will suffer the consequences
sooner or later.
9. About 8,000 people regularly enjoy the benefits of yoga, but only
25% of them are members of the yoga club.
10. The basic ethics of any religion are to some extent the same as
those of the others.
6. in company with 7. in that 8. pay the price 9. belong to 10. more or less
Vocabulary
V. Fill in the blanks in the following passage by selecting suitable words from
the Word Bank. You may not use any of the words more than once.
A) present
E) judgments
I) prejudiced
M) stay
B) represent
F) discounting
J) confirm
N) remain
Word Bank
C) distinguishes
G) underestimate
K) maintain
O) reveals
D) discriminates
H) undervalued
L) suspect
To look at me, you would never guess I am in my late sixties. Most
people suspect that. I just smile and say, "A lady never reveals her
age." There are good reasons why a lady doesn't. Older women get
ignored in our society. We are undervalued and left to grow old
without the company of others. I understood from a very young age
our society discriminates against the old. Our society is prejudiced
against women. And, our society makes judgments based on the color
1. L 2. O
3. H 4. D
5. I
6. E
Vocabulary
A) present
E) judgments
I) prejudiced
M) stay
B) represent
F) discounting
J) confirm
N) remain
Word Bank
C) distinguishes
G) underestimate
K) maintain
O) reveals
D) discriminates
H) undervalued
L) suspect
of a person's skin. I am an old black woman. I have to use my every
advantage in order to remain a vital part of my community. I have
managed to stay fit, to maintain my looks while my wisdom increases.
Often younger men underestimate my abilities. However, I should tell
you that I am very skilled in the art of politics. I was for many years
the mayor of a large urban center in the Southern United States.
After that I was selected by my district to represent them in Congress.
I advise other women over sixty not to give up! Old as we are, we have
experience and know more about life. Let's not let our knowledge and
experience go to waste.
7. N
8. K 9. G 10. B
Collocation
VI. Study the example example(P184) taken from the text and think about what
else we can “alter”. Complete the sentences by filling in right word with the help
of the first letters.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
He’s already altered some of his economic p____ to
accommodate demands of special interests.
The fact that she had become wealthy did not tempt her to
alter her frugal li_______.
Nothing can alter the f____ that the refugees are our
responsibility.
The president of the company has made a detailed explanation
to tell the press why the company has decided to alter its
promotion po______.
The government has altered the r_____ governing eligibility
for unemployment benefit.
1. plans
2. lifestyle
3. fact
4. policies
5. rules
Collocation
6.The program is a telling sign of priorities for the country to
alter the con__________ from health issues to environmental
issues.
7. The idea of global economy has altered the wo____, brought
opportunities and challenges for the developing countries and
put new pressures on the cooperation between countries.
8. Out of passion and excitement, the chair altered her v____
and she had to stop a moment to control it.
9. Many people expressed the horror of altering one’s genetic
in___________ as this will lead to losing one’s identity.
10. The editors reserve the right to modify the layout and make
changes to the text, without altering the con______, where
necessary.
6. concentration 7. world
8. voice
9. inheritance
10. content
World Building
VII. The prefix de- can be added to verbs to form new verbs.
Verbs formed in this way describe an action which has the
opposite effect of or reverses the process described by the
original verb. For example:
de + value —— devalue: reduce the value of something
de + regulate—— deregulate: remove the regulations from something
The prefix de- can also be added to some nouns to form verbs
which indicate that the thing referred to by the noun is
removed. For example:
de + ice —— deice: remove the ice
de +frost—— defrost: remove the frost
Study the words given below(P185) and complete the following
sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.
Word Building
deregulate
demobilize
devalue
de-emphasize decode
depersonalize
1.
destabilize
decentralize
I think the words such as courage and bravery are
overused and they have been ________ as a result.
2. The reports said that the gangs of robbers were largely
made up of ___________ soldiers.
3. Japan’s financial markets had been substantially
___________ in the previous three years, making them
more sensitive to changes in the price of money.
4.They ____________ their operations last year and opened
several regional offices in the country.
1. devalued 2. demobilized 3. deregulated 4. decentralized
Word Building
deregulate
demobilize
devalue
de-emphasize decode
depersonalize
destabilize
decentralize
5. It is widely accepted that the conflict has had the effect
of ____________ the whole area.
6. Most of the parents said that they thought wearing school
uniform _____________ their children.
7. However, these figures _____________ the importance
of agriculture, since 45% of the population lives in rural
areas.
8. The poem does convey a message, but it has to be
_______ in order to understand its meaning.
5. destabilizing 6. depersonalized 7. de-emphasize 8. decoded
World Building
VIII. The suffix -ee can be added to some verbs to refer to the person to whom the
action is being done. For example:
employ + -ee ——employee: a person who is employed
train + -ee —— trainee: a person who is being trained to do a particular job
The suffix -ee can also be added to some verbs to form nouns to refer to someone who has
performed a particular action. For example:
escape + -ee ——employee: sb. Who has escaped from captivity
devote + -ee —— devotee: sb. Who is very enthusiastic about a subject or
an activity
Study the words words(P186) and complete the following sentences with
them. Change the form where necessary.
World Building
employee
addressee
1.
interviewee
retiree
trainee
escapee
devotee
divorcee
In this country, almost two-thirds of current _______ rely on
the social security system for more than half of their income.
2. In our interviews we try to make our ___________ feel as
relaxed as possible.
3. I still remember my first job as a _______ reporter with that
newspaper.
4. The number of _________ in the company has increased tenfold
over the past decade.
1. retirees
2. interviewees
3. trainee
4. employees
5. They had searched the whole area for three days and at last
captured the two ________.
6. You don’t need to stick any stamps to the envelope as the postage
will be paid by the _________.
7. He is a ________ of science fiction. He has a large collection of
such books.
8. Edward VIII, the British King, had to give up the British throne
because he wanted to marry an American ________.
5. escapees
6. addressee
7. devotee
8. divorcee
Sentence Structure
IX. The word “mind”, when used in the sense of “object to,
dislike, be annoyed by”, is usually found in questions and
negative sentences and can be followed by an if-clause
or an -ing structure. Study the model(P187) and rewrite
each of the following sentences with “mind”.
1. I know she isn’t really interested in window-shopping, but she
doesn’t object to waiting while I have a look.
2. If people don’t object to my not having degrees, I could give a
few music lessons!
1. I know she isn't really interested in window-shopping, but
she doesn't mind waiting while I have a look.
2. If people don't mind my not having a degree, I could give a
few music lessons!
Sentence Structure
3. People are not annoyed by paying a pot more for good
software because they can see the benefits of using it.
4. I don’t care if people perceive me as arrogant. You need
certain degree of it.
5. We don’t object if it takes time for people to express their
hopes, goals, fears, and needs in their lives.
3. People don't mind paying a lot more for good software
because they can see the benefits of using it.
4. I don't mind if people perceive me as arrogant. You need
certain degree of it to succeed.
5. We don't mind if it takes time for people to express their
hopes, goals, fears, and needs in their
lives.
Sentence Structure
X. The word “no” is a determiner. It can be used before singular
(countable and uncountable) nouns and plural nouns at the
beginning of a sentence, meaning “not a” or “not any”. Study
the model and rewrite each of the following sentences after
the model.
Model: No one on earth ever had a greater chance for glory.
1.
Not a single friend came to see her; she shut herself off, in
the old familiar world of bedroom and drawing room.
2. Not any cigarette end could give us any clues to or signs of
anyone having ever been there.
1. No friends came to see her; she shut herself off, in the old
familiar world of bedroom and drawing room.
2. No cigarette end could give us any clue to or sign of anyone
having ever been there.
3. Not any gas, not any water and not any electricity in the
hospital! How could you expect the children to survive this?
4. Not any other information is given about the book itself,
although there is a brief biographical (传记的) note about the
author.
5. Not any effort has been made to investigate the
“disappearances” that have occurred over the past three
years.
3. No gas, no water and no electricity in the hospital! How could
you expect the children to survive this?
4. No other information is given about the book itself, although
there is a brief biographical, note about the writer.
5. No effort has been made to investigate the "disappearances"
that have occurred over the past three years.
Translation
XI. Translate the following sentences into English.
infection
1. 只要他守规矩,我倒不在乎他晚上在外呆得这么晚。
mind doing
I don’t mind his staying out so late as long as he behaves
himself.
Translation
prefer … to
in that
2. 与其他计划相比，我更喜欢他的计划，因为我觉得没有任何一个计
划比他的计划更实际。
no + nouns
I prefer his plan to others in that I think no plan is more
practical than his.
Translation
break off
fiscal year
3. 他们与那家公司中断了生意来往，因为那家公司上一个财政年度
损失惨重，已经破产了。
go bankrupt
They broke off business relations with that company as it
suffered huge losses in the last fiscal year and went
bankrupt.
Translation
now that
4. 既然你不喜欢他,当初为什么还要邀请他参加你的生日晚会呢?
in the first place
Now that you don’t like him, why did you invite him to your
birthday party in the first place?
Translation
slim
5. 虽然知道获胜的可能性不大,但比赛失败后,我们多少还是有点沮丧。
more or les
Though we knew our chances to win were slim, we were more
or less depressed when we lost in the game.
Translation
pay the price
6.
也许这是为进步而付出的代价,谁知道呢?
Perhaps this was the price that has to be paid for progress—
who knows .
Translation
XI. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1.
I don’t mind their disapproving of my plan, but, in my part,
I still want their support..
2. Peter announced that he had no intention of singing or
dancing in company with any of these girls and he gave no
reason.
1.我不在乎他们否定我的计划，但在内心深处我仍渴望得到他们的支
持。
2. 彼得宣布他不想与她们中任何一个女孩一起唱歌或跳舞，他没给任
何理由
Translation
3. We respect those who give of their time, their friendship
and their talents rather than those who are always trying
hard only to gain more for themselves.
4. It seemed that I had suffered a great loss of business
and that was the price I paid for not following my
parents’ advice.
3. 我们尊敬的是那些奉献时间、友谊和才能的人，而不是那些一心只
为自己谋求私利的人。
4. 看来我的生意遭到了巨大损失，这是我不听父母忠告所付出的代
价。
Translation
5. They just made the point again in passing that during my visit
to that country, an interpreter would always be at my elbow.
6. Even when parents strongly disapprove of the way their child
is behaving, it is still important to make it clear that it is
the behavior and not the person that is being rejected.
5. 他们只是顺便又提到了这一点：在我去那个国家旅行时，会有一位
翻译一直在我身边。
6. 即使当父母强烈反对子女的行为方式时，他们拒绝接受的是那种行
为方式而不是子女本人。
Cloze
XII. Read the following passage carefully and choose the best word or phrase
to fill in each blank.
Here is the story about how the American civil rights movement
started in the 1950s. Tired _1__ she was, Mrs. Parks walked past
the first few – mostly empty – rows of seats __2__ “Whites Only”.
Black people were allowed to sit in these seats __3__ no white
person was standing. __4__ the fact that Rosa Parks hated
segregation laws, she had never done anything against the law. She
__5__ for civil rights for more than 10 years, but always legally.
However, that day she did something that was __6__.
She found and sad in a(an) __7__ seat in the back of the bus.
The bus continued along its __8__. The driver noticed that all the
seats in the “White Only” section were already __9__ . And more
white people had just climbed __10__. He ordered the people in
1. B 2.C 3. B 4.D 5. A 6. D 7. A 8.B 9.B 10.C
Cloze
Mrs. Parks’ __11__ to move to the back, __12__ there were no open
seats and people had to stand. No one moved at first, but when the
driver __13__ at the black passengers a second time, they did what
they were told. They all moved to the back __14__ Rosa Parks. She
__15__ in the prohibited seat. __16__, trouble occurred. Ms. Parks
was thrown in jail for __17__ the law.
This __18__ inspired the Montgomery Bus Boycott of 1955-1956.
It also __19__ the 20th-century civil rights movement. Ms. Parks
quickly became the __20__ of that day. She has been remembered as
a brave fighter in the civil rights movement.
11 . A 12.B 13.A 14.B 15.B 16.D 17.C 18.D 19.D 20.A