Transcript Slide 1

International Organization
for Standardization
www.iso.org
SG/cta/14905411
2008-04-10
Moscow
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International Standards:
Effective instruments for raising the
competitiveness of the Russian Industry
by Alan Bryden
ISO Secretary-General
Moscow
10 April 2008
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Outline of presentation
The global context
Technical regulations and
consensus based standards
The ISO System
IEC and ISO
Europe and ISO
The Russian Federation and ISO
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An increasing demand for consensus based
International Standards
Globalization of trade in products and services
Outsourcing and offshoring of procurement and investment
Deregulation of public services
Response to climate change and energy efficiency
Public demand for consumer and environmental protection
Need for international solidarity to face terrorism,
epidemics and natural disasters
Deployment of new technologies and innovation
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A new global framework
for technical harmonization
WTO : TBT, SPS and GATS (services) agreements
Multiplication of regional and bilateral trade agreements:
more than 200 identified by WTO
Major new emerging economies (China, India, Brazil,
CIS, ASEAN countries…) and regulatory reforms
Good regulatory practices and reference to standards,
as components of good public governance
Global companies
Increasing impact of societal NGOs
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WTO – Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade
(1)
151 signatory countries (as of 2008-01-01)
Avoidance of unnecessary obstacles to trade
Non-discrimination and national treatment
Transparency
Harmonization
Equivalence of technical regulations
Mutual recognition of conformity assessment procedures
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WTO – Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade
(2)
Recognizes countries’ rights to adopt the technical regulations
they consider appropriate
Justification of divergences with international practice: climatic,
geographic, safety, security, environment,… (notification, safeguard
clause and dispute resolution processes)
Encourages countries to use international standards where
appropriate
Sets out rules for the preparation, adoption and application of
standards by governments and standardizing bodies developing
voluntary standards
WTO Code of Good Practice ratified by 163 Standardizing
Bodies. Access through ISO-IEC Information Center
(www.standardsinfo.net)
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Role of international standards in
WTO-TBT context
Voluntary consensus-based international
standards need to meet several criteria in
order to facilitate international trade:
Transparency
Openness
Impartiality and consensus
Effectiveness and relevance
Coherence
Inclusion of developing countries
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Technical regulations address issues such as
Safety
Fairness of trade
Security
Consumer, user or
worker information
Health
Environmental
impact
Accessibility
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Relating to products,
processes, plants,
building, services or
business practices
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Complementarity between technical regulations
and standards
Regulations set mandatory requirements and related
conformity assessment deemed necessary by the
legislator for protecting citizens, the environment,
infrastructures and property (intellectual, physical)
Consensus based standards address technicalities
and good practices for implementing technical
regulations. They are developed by a transparent
process involving all the interested stakeholders
International Standards may reconcile legitimate
societal requirements with avoiding unnecessary
technical barriers to trade
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Consensus based standards
address many issues
Terms and definitions
Graphical symbols,
pictograms and labeling
Measurement, analysis
and test methods
Interoperability
requirements
Processing, validation
and exchange of data
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Performance
characteristics for
quality, safety, security,
health, environmental
requirements
Organizational and
management practices
Packaging
Conformity assessment
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The World Standards Cooperation (WSC)
The leading international standardization organizations
Multi-discipline and cross-sector
For electrotechnology
For telecommunications
Collaborate to meet the challenges of converging
technologies
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The ISO system
At February 2007
157 national members
1 105 standards
produced in 2007
Collection of 17 041
ISO Standards
186 active TCs
3 000 technical
bodies
50 000 experts
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• IT tools
• Standards
development
procedures
• Consensus
building
• Dissemination
Central
Secretariat
in Geneva
153 staff
Moscow
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Evolution of the ISO membership
* March 2008
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
143
146
148
148
14
15
15
11
156
159
157*
10
11
10
44
42
36
37
36
37
46
93
94
97
100
100
104
105
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Member bodies
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Corrrepondent members
Subscriber members
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ISO’s global networking
WTO: observer status and collaboration
UN and UN agencies: CODEX, ILO, IMO, ITC, UPU,
UN/ECE, UNIDO, WHO, WMO, WTO-Tourism,...
World Customs Organization (WCO)
720 liaisons and partnerships with international and
regional organizations in technical work
Links with seven regional bodies (ACCSQ, AIDMO,
ARSO, CEN, COPANT, EASC, PASC)
Economic actors: Accreditation: IAF and ILAC,
Consumers International, ICC, IFAN,
World Economic Forum, World Energy Council, etc…
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World total number of ISO 9001:2000 certificates
900000
800000
700000
600000
500000
400000
300000
200000
100000
0
Dec. Dec. Dec. Dec. Dec. Dec. Dec.
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
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Collaboration with IEC
Coordination of technical work
Conformity assessment : CASCO
Patent policy
Copyright protection
Use of ISO and IEC standards in regulations
JTC 1 on Information Technologies
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ISO & Europe
Vienna Agreement signed in 1991 with CEN
Four main mechanisms for ensuring equivalence
of ISO and European standards :

Adoption of ISO standards by CEN

Parallel approval of work items under ISO
leadership

Parallel approval of work items under CEN
leadership

Adoption by ISO of European Standards
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ISO-CEN: Vienna Agreement in figures
As of December 2007 : 3382 European standards
are identical to ISO standards (of the total 12372 EN
standards)
Ongoing work at 2007-12-31:
 Parallel approval
– ISO lead
725
– CEN lead
92

Direct adoption by CEN: 119 ongoing
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Some issues in ISO
topical for Russian stakeholders
Oil and gas
Aeronautics
Coal
Motor vehicles
Steel
Industrial equipment and
Paper and pulp
automation
Timber
Building and construction
Water quality
Food safety
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Some issues in ISO
topical for Russian stakeholders
Security
Environment and climate
change
Energy efficiency and
renewable sources
Services: financial services,
IT, tourism, water …
Aquaculture and fisheries
Information and
Communication Technologies
Nano-technologies and Biotechnologies
Healthcare and medical
technologies
Management System
Standards
Conformity assessment
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GOST-R : The gateway to ISO
for Russian stakeholders
ISO member since 1947 (USSR until end 1991)
Position in ISO governance
 Council member in 1947-1994; 1996-1997; 2000-2001; 2006-2007
 ISO Presidents: A. B.Viatkine,1962-1964; V.V. Boitsov,1977-1979
 ISO General Assembly in 1967
Participation in technical work:
 8 TC/SC Secretariats
 496 P-memberships (72% of all TC/SCs)
 84 O-memberships (12% of all TC/SCs)
Participation in Policy Development Committees:
CASCO
P-Member
COPOLCO P-Member
DEVCO
P-Member
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ISO’s added value
Broad national membership
Extensive international
networking and liaisons
ISO Code of Ethics
Brand name
Established procedures and
recognition
Multi-sector scope
Fully compliant with WTO
criteria for international
standards
International network
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Consistency and maintenance of
the ISO collection
Involvement in e-commerce
Reference in regulations and
public procurements
ISO toolbox for conformity
assessment standards
Wide dissemination of ISO
standards and national adoptions
Connections with societal
interests (environment,
consumers, social
responsibility,...)
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ISO
International Standards for a sustainable world
Thank for your attention!
http://www.iso.org
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