Transcript Document

Who will be the Winner of the Battle
between PDP, LCD and Projection?
by Prof. Dr. Ir. Harm Tolner
E-mail: [email protected]
FPD Technology Overview
by Harm Tolner
Which Display Will Win?
Bruce Berkhoff (LPL)
• …We will swamp the PDPs ….
• ….. 30-40 TFT’s will displace plasmas …
• …. (plasmas) don’t have the brightness,
they have burn in problems ……
Source: Drawing by Bonnie from “The Clock”
Kazuya Yamamoto, an analyst with UFJ
Tsubasa Securities Co:
• ….In the U.S. demand for plasma displays
televisions is exceeding liquid crystal
displays ….
•
….Fujitsu Hitachi had no choice but to
build a new PDP plant, with rival
companies accelerating production
Set prices CES 2004
35000
30000
Set price in USD
25000
PDP
20000
Design
PDP
15000
LCD
10000
DLP-LCoS-LCD
Projection
5000
CRT Proj
CPT
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Set 'Visible' Diagonal size
70
80
PROJECTION – THE NEW WAVE ?
• Rear projection becomes new TV battleground,
according to iSuppli……
• Major Taiwan Flat Panel Manufacturers focusing on
LCOS TV Technology…….
• Lower-Priced Projection TV Outshines Plasma Hype…
• Thomson RCA/InFocus - 61-inch RPTV that is only 6.85
inches deep
• TV makers such as Philips Electronics and Sony Corp.
(SNE) have dabbled in LCoS chips for their own TVs……
• Intel - Unveiled its LCOS technology for RPTVs….and
left….
Samsung developed high-definition PDP televisions of 80-inch and 102-inch diagonal size
Resolution of 1,920×1,080 pixels, a brightness of 1,000-candela-per-square-meter and a contrast ratio of > 2,000:1
Luminance lifetime of PDP
•
60,000 hours in video mode
•
Guaranteed by 3 companies
Luminance Degradation with Life
450
PDP
3rd Generation
Luminance ( cd/m^2 )
400
350
PDP
2nd Generation
300
LCD
37 inch Diagonal
250
200
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
Operation Time ( Hours )
Luminance maintenance of 50-inch PDP (Pioneer, SID04),compared with a 37-inch
LCD (Sharp)
Burn-in images on a 37-LCD-TV
displaying
image
0H
2000H 5000H
7000H (Mura)
Darker screen
Dark gray
Full white
Conditions:
• peak luminance 400 cd/m2, 140 W, 23C
• no power saving, 24 hours, 7 days per week
• switched 168 times every week
Much darker areas near
four corners
seven dark lines(14-15
CCFL lamps)
Power Consumption
LCD makers compare LCD and PDP by the value of
maximum power consumption.
Maximum power consumption is a measure for power-line safety (line
capability /safety breaker), but it is not a measure of actual (effective) power
consumption.
The actual power consumption however is determined by the “annual power
consumption” ,as defined in Japan.
This measure should be applied to compare the power consumption of displays.
Annual power consumption =
((Operating power) - (Save power by power saving mode) x 1/4) x 1642.5
+ (Stand-by power) x 7117.5
The average power consumption for TV use is calculated as follows;
Operating power = (White display power + Black display power) x 1/2
Stand-by power = (Power at main switch off + Power at remote switch off) x 1/2
Save power by power saving mode = Operating power - Power at saving mode)
Annual power consumption
(kＷ･hour/year)
Relation between screen area and power consumption
600
550
500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
3 Gen Pioneer
Lower than LCD-TV
4 Gen Pioneer
LCD
Same screen size
0 15 22 30 34
43
50(diagonal2)
Screen Area
LCD-TV Improvement of Image Defects requires
higher power consumption and higher cost
Large Screen : Same size LCD-TV will not be lower power consumption than PDP TV.
High Image Quality
Improvement of Image retention requires:
Black screen insert
= Decrease of luminance
→ Increase of back light number → Increase of power consumption
→ Increase of lamp luminance
→ Shorter lamp lifetime
Back light blinking
= Decrease of luminance
→ Increase of lamp luminance
→ Shorter lamp lifetime or higher cost (LED)
Increase of peak luminance:
(Peak luminance of TV picture does not reach the value of catalogue
spec.)
Increase of lamp luminance
→ Increase of power consumption
→ Shorter lamp lifetime
Improve luminance uniformity:
(low luminance on outer screen area)
Increase of back light number
→ Increase of power consumption & Cost up
Improvement by optical diffuser → Cost up
Improvement of luminous efficacy of PDP
(panel power reduction)
10
1000
5
500
2
200
η(experiment)
1
100
η(product)
0.5
50
0.2
20
Technology
0.1
1985
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010年
Surface discharge
対向型
Two-electrode type
Three-electrode type
Front phosphor layer
He-Xe
Low Xe content (1％)
Reflective phosphor layer
Ne-Xe
Xe (5％)
High Xe (>10％)
L (experiment)
L (product)
This figure shows
that luminous
efficacy will
increase
continuously in
the near future.
LCD is Not a high quality display for movies at home !
When does LCD seem to be beautiful?
• In brightly illuminated show rooms
• A bright environment hides the gradation in a dark picture.
• Appealing thanks to low ambient light reflectivity.
Home use:
• A picture with perfect black is important for watching movies
• Customers in Japan are not satisfied when they purchase an LCD-TV and
watch movies at home.
• The LCD black surface seems bluish and a human face seems pale-white
• PDP has perfect black at home
Contrast of an LCD-TV
Dark room contrast ratio (horizontal direction)
Bright room (at 100 lx) contrast ratio (horizontal
direction ）
500
1200
450
400
Contrast ratio
Contrast ratio
1000
800
600
400
200
0
350
300
250
200
150
100
LCD
PDP
-80-70-60-50-40-30-20-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Viewing Angle（deg.）
For LCD, in dark environment black image seems
whitish and from oblique direction the effect
becomes large.
50
LCD
PDP
0
-80-70-60-50-40-30-20-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Viewing Angle（deg.）
For LCD, in bright environment black image seems
whitish from oblique direction.
The quality of the image of PDP’s does not change with viewing angle.
The quality of an LCD changes with viewing angle.
Such a display is not good for large area TV in a living-room!
Response time of LCD versus PDP
Small change
of luminance
High change of
luminance
LCD
PDP
Company A
（ 30-in.)
Company P
(43-in)
40～50ms
5～16ms
(but 40ms including
after response ）
8ms
(scene
independent)
New generation PDP address driver modules
(address power reduction)
TCP (Tape Carrier Package)
COM (Chip On Metal)
4th generation
2nd generation
New driver IC’s for PDP with 192 outputs: $2 per IC. The total cost of
data driver ICs for a High Definition PDP is now only $ 60
Gen 7 Magic ?
• So what magic will result from even larger
substrates in Gen 7 ????
• New PDP factories already uses that
substrate size (180 x 230 cm)! Two years
ahead of LCD!
• LCD Materials cost is dominant and this
will not be reduced by Gen 7 lines !
COST
Cost Roadmap 42-inch HDTV PDP-TV and LCD-TV
(relative values)
3.2
3.0
2.8
2.6
2.4
2.2
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
Result: 8 million PDP panels in 2007
LCD-TV
PDP TV
’02
’03
’04
’05
(LCD curve adapted to include
the effect of 7G-LCD lines)
’06
’07
’08
’09
’10 Year
Source: JEITA
Summary
PDP will be the Winner
of the 42-inch Battle
Between
PDP and LCD
,from any point of view: Luminance life
Power consumption
Image quality
Production cost
Acknowledgement
&
Disclaimer
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Many people have contributed to this comparison of PDP with LCD
I thank especially Dr Uchidoi of Pioneer for providing data from Pioneer and Larry
Weber for providing a critical analysis of PDP versus LCD
Adaptation of the original material has been done by Harm Tolner and the compilation
presented here is the copyright of Harm Tolner, and can only be further used by referring
to this publication.
Any conclusions from the data in this report is at the sole responsibility of the reader.
Harm Tolner, nor any one else mentioned in this report, can be held liable for the
correctness or completeness of the information given in this report.
Harm Tolner invites readers to send additional data for further comparison of PDP and
LCD
Eindhoven, 3 February 2005