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1. The shiny, red, ripe apple dripped with poison.
2. The party was filled with guests like ogres,
gremlins, centaurs, and elves.
3. Knees knocking, the princess trembled as she
opened the glowing door.
4. The prince tried to slay the dragon, but he was
unsuccessful.
5. Legolas was from El Paso, Texas.
6. President Snow was born on July 7, 1777.
What do all of these sentences have in common?
1. The shiny, red, ripe apple dripped with poison.
2. The party was filled with guests like ogres,
gremlins, centaurs, and elves.
3. Knees knocking, the princess trembled as she
opened the glowing door.
4. The prince tried to slay the dragon, but he was
unsuccessful.
5. Legolas was from El Paso, Texas.
6. President Snow was born on July 7, 1777.
They all contain COMMAS!
Commas
What does a comma do?
Tell what you think a comma does:
________________.
Comma Rule 1
Front of index card:
Back of index card:
To avoid confusion, use
commas to separate
words and word groups
with series of three or
more.
Example: My $10 million
estate is to be split
among my husband,
daughter, son and
nephew.
Comma Rule 2
Front:
Back:
Use a comma to separate Examples: He is a strong,
two adjectives when the
healthy man.
word and can be inserted
We stayed at an expensive
between them.
summer resort. You
would not say expensive
and summer resort—so
no comma.
Comma Rule 3
Front:
Back:
Use commas before or
surrounding a name or
title of a person directly
addressed.
Example:
Will you, Aisha, do that
assignment for me?
Yes, Doctor, I will.
Comma Rule 4
Front:
Back:
Use a comma to separate
the day of the month
from the year and after
the year.
Example:
Use a comma to separate
the city and state and
after the state in a
sentence.
We went to Mill Valley,
California, with some
friends.
Kathleen met her husband
on December 5, 2003, in
Mill Valley, California.
Commas
Commas are used in the following ways:
1. To separate words or groups of words in a series.
2. To separate two or more adjectives before a noun.
3. To separate a person's name and title.
4. To separate the day from the year in a date.
4. To separate a city from a state
5. To separate two complete sentences with a
connecting word (conjunction).
6. To separate opening phrases/clauses in a sentence.
7. To separate a phrase/clause that interrupts the main
thought in a sentence. (An appositive).
8. To introduce a quotation in a sentence.
.9. To introduce a personal letter.
Comma Rule 5
Front:
Back:
Use comma to separate
Example: I have painted
two complete sentences
the entire house, but he
with a
is still working on
connecting word—and,
sanding the doors.
or , but, yet, for, nor, so
Comma Rule 6
Front:
Back:
Use comma to separate
Example:
opening phrases/clauses Burnt and broken from the
or an introductory word
fire, Johnny died in the
in the sentence.
hospital.
Yes, Johnny said you can
see him now.
Comma Rule 7
Front:
Back:
Use comma to separate a
phrase/clause that
interrupts the main
thought in a sentence.
(An
appositive/dependant
clause).
Example:
My husband, who typically
works nights, was home
for dinner tonight.
Comma Rule 8
Front:
Back:
Use comma to introduce a
quotation in a sentence.
In The Outsiders, S.E.
Hinton states, “ When I
stepped out into the
bright sunlight from the
darkness of the movie
house, I had only two
things on my mind: Paul
Newman and a ride
home.”
Comma Uses
Specifically, note the following methods of comma
usage:
1. To separate two or more adjectives before a noun.
Example:
The shiny, red, ripe apple dripped with poison.
2. To separate opening phrases in a sentence.
Example:
After a ride through the countryside, the prince returned
to the castle to play checkers.
3. To separate a phrase that interrupts the main thought
in a sentence. (An appositive).
Example:
Snow White, in the evil queen's opinion, was too pretty
and too spunky.
Comma Practice I
Rewrite the following sentences, adding commas
where necessary.
1. Because the pemmican remained good to eat for
several years it was a practical food for many
American Indians.
2. Although Jesse did not win the student council
election he raised many important issues.
3. Walking home from school Rosa saw her brother.
4. Yes I enjoyed the fajitas Ruben made.
5. When I go to bed late I sometimes have trouble
waking up in the mornings.
6. After eating the chickens settled down.
7. Attracted by the computer games in the window
George decided to go in an buy one.
Comma Practice II
Rewrite the following sentences, adding commas
where necessary.
1. In 1990, Ellis Island rebuilt as a museum was opened
to the public.
2. The museum's lobby crowded with trunks and other
baggage is the visitors' first sight.
3. The Registry Room which is on the second floor
sometimes held as many as five thousand
people.
4. Rubber an elastic substance quickly restores itself to
Its original size and shape.
5. The North Sea an arm of the Atlantic Ocean is rich in
fish, natural gas, and oil.
6. The immigrants who came from many countries
hoped to find freedom and a happier life in
America.
Comma Practice III
Rewrite the following sentences, adding commas
where necessary.
1. Kate was a brave honest and wise woman.
2. Kate’s graceless overbearing brother interrupted the
two young friend’s discussion.
3. A wondrous outrageous pig of that description lived
on the old decrepit farm across the creek.
4. Arnon had seen the pig down in the lush green
meadow close by the favorite spot for toads.
5. Kate wondered whether the aggressive overgrown
pig had made a tasty quick treat of the toads.
Comma Practice IV
Rewrite and combine the following sentences,
incorporating coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS).
1. Harry Potter desired some jelly beans. He tracked
down the Jelly Belly factory.
2. The Hunger Games is a great book. The Fault in Our
Stars is a great book as well.
3. Obi Wan Kenobi confiscated Anakin Skywalker's cell
phone. The padawan texted utilizing the Force.
4. Yoda spoke sentences in reverse. Yoda failed his English
class.
5. In reality, fairies were mischievous. Tinkerbell attempted
to murder Wendy on multiple occasions.
6. The Wolf could stalk Little Red Riding Hood. He might
hassle the three pig brothers.
7. Sleeping Beauty forgot to set her alarm. Obviously, she
overslept.
Comma Practice V
Rewrite the following sentences, correctly utilizing commas
for the items in a series.
Example:
Rapunzel Sleeping Beauty and Snow White consumed
hamburgers and discussed the stresses of being captured and
fatigued.
1. Harry Potter dueled menacing Fluffy noseless Voldemort and
pale Malfoy.
2. My favorite books are Harry Potter and the Prisoner of
Askaban Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers and The
Hobbit.
3. Obi Wan Kenobi Qui Gon Jin and Luke Skywalker are all
Jedi knights.
4. Peter Pan valiantly led the Lost Boys: Tootles Nibs and
Slightly.
5. The Wolf could stalked Little Red Riding Hood the three pig
Comma Writing Activity I
Complete the following following sentences adding
introductory phrases and independent clauses
where necessary.
1. ____________________, the prince returned to the
castle to play checkers.
2. ____________________, the princess trembled as
she opened the glowing door.
3. ____________________, Hercules sat down after
completing his twelfth task.
4. After a ride through the countryside, _____________.
5. Knees knocking, ___________________________.
6. Sagging with exhaustion, _____________________.
Comma Writing Activity II
Complete the following following sentences adding
appositive phrases where necessary.
1. The prince, ___________, returned to the castle to
play checkers.
2. Snow White was, ________________, too pretty and
too spunky.
3. Snow White, ______________________, had never
looked into a mirror.
4. Hercules, _____________________, sat down after
completing his twelfth task.
Comma Writing Activity III:
Introductory Phrase Poem
Step 1: Select on of the following characters:
Darth Vader
Darth Maul
Voldemort
Hank the Cowdog
Alex Rider
Katniss Everdeen
Luke Skywalker
Darren Shan
Batman
Wolverine
Beatrice Prior
Cinderella
Princess Tiana
Comma Writing Activity III:
Introductory Phrase Poem
Step 2: Create a vivid sentence concerning this
character.
Example:
Batman, a creeping shadow, conquered corrupt
criminals.
Comma Writing Activity III:
Introductory Phrase Poem
Step 3: Create four lines to precede your sentence.
These lines will all be introductory phrases. Place a
comma after each line. When completed, the poem
will contain five lines total.
Example:
Like a silent owl fluttering in the breeze,
Cape billowing,
With glistening armor,
Just, moral, and righteous,
Batman, a creeping shadow, conquered corrupt
criminals.
Comma Writing Activity III:
Introductory Phrase Poem
Step 4: Now, revise your whole poem. Replace bland
words with ones that are more vivid. Ensure you have
proper punctuation.
Commas Gallery Walk
In a moment, you will have ten minutes to maneuver
around the room.
Skipping lines, number your paper 1-12.
Revise each sentence, placing commas where
necessary.
As always, talking should be minimal during the
gallery walk.
When you are finished, return to your seats.