Basics of RDA Cataloging

Virginia Library Association Ashland, VA – February 5, 2013 Kate James Policy and Standards Division, Library of Congress Judith A. Kuhagen JSC Secretary

Scope of this workshop

2  Overview of RDA background and foundations (FRBR/FRAD, ICP)  Identifying the FRBR/FRAD entities  Works, expressions, manifestations, items  Persons, families, corporate bodies  Relationships between these entities  MARC encoding of RDA content  Changes in the name authority file

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3

Acknowledgments for this workshop ’s materials

 Based in part on 2011 Kuhagen/Tillett presentations to the Maryland Library Association and the Georgia Public Library Cataloging Summit  Based in part on 2010-2012 training materials prepared at the Library of Congress

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Acknowledgments for this workshop ’s materials

 Screen images and RDA instructions from the RDA Toolkit ( www.rdatoolkit.org

) used by permission of the Co-Publishers for RDA (American Library Association, Canadian Library Association, and CILIP: Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals) 4

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RDA Background and Foundations

5

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6

What was wrong with AACR2?

 Increasingly complex library resources  Lack of logical structure  Mixing content and carrier data  Hierarchical relationships missing  Anglo-American centric viewpoint  Written before FRBR  Not enough support for collocation  Before Internet and well-formed metadata

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Ann Chapman, UKOLN

1997 international conference on future of AACR: topics

 Principles  Content vs. carrier  Logical structure  Seriality  Internationalization 7

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Joint Steering Committee for Development of RDA

 American Library Association  Australian Committee on Cataloguing  British Library  Canadian Cataloguing Committee  CILIP: Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals  Library of Congress  and in 2012: Deutsche Nationalbibliothek  future: expand governance

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Internet impact

 Catalogs are no longer in isolation  Global access to data  Integrate bibliographic data with wider Internet environment  Share data beyond institutions 9

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10 Databases, Repositories VIAF Services LCSH Web front end Power of “Linked data”

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Internet

“

Cloud

”

Current Cataloging Environment

 Web-based  Wide range of information carriers with complexity of content  Metadata (bibliographic information)  Created by a wider range of personnel in and outside libraries  Element-based • metadata schemas Dublin Core, ONIX, etc.

11

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Ann Chapman, UKOLN

12

AACR3

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JSC collaboration with other communities

 IFLA: principles, conceptual models, ISBD  ISSN  ONIX (publishers): types of content, media, carriers  Dublin Core, IEEE/LOM, Semantic Web  Cataloging specialists: law, religion, music, etc.

 RDA/MARC Working Group (MARBI)  Archives and museums

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Goals: RDA will be …

14  A new standard for

resource description and access

 Designed for the

digital

world • Optimized for use as an online product • • Description and access of all resources • All types of content and media Resulting records usable in the digital environment (Internet, Web OPACs, etc.)

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Goals of RDA

 Rules should be easy to use and interpret  Be applicable to an online, networked environment  Provide effective bibliographic control for all types of media  Encourage use beyond the library community  Be compatible with other similar standards  Have a logical structure based on internationally agreed principles 15  Separate content and carrier data  Examples – more of them, more appropriate

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Based on IFLA ’s international models and principles



Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records

(

FRBR

; 1998) 

Functional Requirements for Authority Data

(

FRAD;

2009) 

Statement of International Cataloguing Principles

(

ICP

; 2009) 16

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ICP

general principles

• • • • • • • Convenience of user Representation Common usage Accuracy Sufficiency and necessity Significance Economy • • • Consistency and Standardization Integration Defensible, not arbitrary • If contradict, take a defensible, practical solution.

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User

tasks

18 FRBR:  Find  Identify  Select  Obtain FRAD:  Find  Identify  Contextualize  Justify •

ICP

’ s highest principle = “ convenience of the user ”

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FRBR

’

s Entity-Relationship Model

   Entities Relationships Attributes (data “elements” in

RDA

) 19 One Entity relationship Another Entity  National level required elements

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FRBR

’

s Entity-Relationship Model

created was created by Shakespeare Hamlet 20

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21

FRBR entities

Group 1

: Products of intellectual & artistic endeavor = bibliographic resources 

Work



Expression



Manifestation



Item James/Kuhagen for VLA - Feb. 5, 2013

22

FRBR

“

Group 1

”

entities

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 “

Book

”

– Door prop

(item)

– Publication at bookstore - any copy

(manifestation)

23

FRBR

“

Group 1

”

entities

 “

Book

”

– Who translated?

(expression)

– Who wrote?

(work)

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Work “Inherent Group 1 relationships”

is realized through

Expression

24 is embodied in

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Manifestation

recursive is exemplified by one many

Item

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Work Expression Manifestation Item Whole-Part

Relationships

• Inherent among the Group 1 entities • Content relationships among works/expressions • Structural relationships 25 Derivative Sequential

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Accompanying

Equivalent

Microform Reproduction Copy Simultaneous “ Publication ”

Family of Works

Derivative

Free Translation Edition Abridged Edition Summary Abstract Digest Dramatization Novelization Screenplay Libretto Revision Illustrated Edition Change of Genre Exact Reproduction Facsimile Reprint Translation Variations or Versions Expurgated Edition Arrangement Slight Modification

Descriptive

Review Casebook Criticism Evaluation Parody Imitation Annotated Edition Same Style or Thematic Content Commentary Adaptation Original Work Same Expression Same Work – New Expression

Cataloging Rules Cut Off Point

New Work 26

Elements to Describe Resources

• • •

Work

–

ID

– – –

Title Date etc.

Expression

–

ID

– – – –

Form Date Language etc.

• – – – –

Manifestation

–

ID

– –

Title Statement of responsibility

– –

Edition Imprint (place, publisher, date) Form/extent of carrier Terms of availability Mode of access etc.

Item

–

ID

– – –

Provenance Location etc.

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28

FRBR and FRAD entities

Group 2

: Those responsible for Group 1 entities – or are the subject of works: 

Persons



Families



Corporate bodies James/Kuhagen for VLA - Feb. 5, 2013

Group 2 responsibility

 Intellectual or artistic creation (for Work)  Realization of work (for Expression)  Production, publication, distribution, or manufacture (for Manifestation) 29  Custodian (for Item)

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30 Work Expression Manifestation Item is owned by is produced by is realized by is created by

“Relationships Between Groups 1 & 2 ”

Person Family Corporate Body

many James/Kuhagen for VLA - Feb. 5, 2013

31 Work has as subject has as subject has as subject Work Expression Manifestation Item Person Family Corporate Body Concept Object Event Place

FRBR Group 3:

Subjects

many

FRBR seems new …

 But the concepts of the three groups are in our catalogs  The concepts have not been clear in past cataloging rules  More clarity for catalogers, for designers of databases/catalogs, and for users 32

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33 Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. Hamlet. French.

LC Control No. : LCCN Permalink : Type of Material : Personal Name : Main Title : Published/Created : Description :

47023612 http://lccn.loc.gov/47023612 Book (Print, Microform, Electronic, etc.) Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. ... Hamlet, traduit par André Gide.

[Paris] Gallimard [1946] 2 p. l., 7-237, [2] p. 17 cm.

CALL NUMBER : -- Request in :

PR2779.H3 G5 Copy 1 Jefferson or Adams Bldg General or Area Studies Reading Rms

34 Person Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. Hamlet. French.

LC Control No. : LCCN Permalink : Type of Material : Personal Name : Main Title : Published/Created : Description :

47023612 http://lccn.loc.gov/47023612 Work Book (Print, Microform, Electronic, etc.) Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. ... Hamlet, traduit par André Gide.

[Paris] Gallimard [1946] 2 p. l., 7-237, [2] p. 17 cm.

CALL NUMBER : -- Request in :

PR2779.H3 G5 Copy 1 Jefferson or Adams Bldg General or Area Studies Reading Rms

35 Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. Hamlet. French.

LC Control No. : LCCN Permalink : Type of Material : Personal Name : Main Title : Published/Created : Description :

47023612 Expression http://lccn.loc.gov/47023612 Book (Print, Microform, Electronic, etc.) Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. ... Hamlet, traduit par André Gide.

[Paris] Gallimard [1946] 2 p. l., 7-237, [2] p. 17 cm.

CALL NUMBER : -- Request in :

PR2779.H3 G5 Copy 1 Jefferson or Adams Bldg General or Area Studies Reading Rms

36 Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. Hamlet. French.

LC Control No. : LCCN Permalink : Type of Material : Personal Name : Main Title : Published/Created : Description :

47023612 Manifestation http://lccn.loc.gov/47023612 Book (Print, Microform, Electronic, etc.) Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. ... Hamlet, traduit par André Gide.

[Paris] Gallimard [1946] 2 p. l., 7-237, [2] p. 17 cm.

CALL NUMBER : -- Request in :

PR2779.H3 G5 Copy 1 Jefferson or Adams Bldg General or Area Studies Reading Rms

Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. Hamlet. French.

LC Control No. : LCCN Permalink : Type of Material : Personal Name : Main Title : Published/Created : Description :

47023612 http://lccn.loc.gov/47023612 Book (Print, Microform, Electronic, etc.) Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. ... Hamlet, traduit par André Gide.

[Paris] Gallimard [1946] 2 p. l., 7-237, [2] p. 17 cm.

Item 37

CALL NUMBER : -- Request in :

PR2779.H3 G5 Copy 1 Jefferson or Adams Bldg General or Area Studies Reading Rms

Collocation

Cervantes 38 Objectives of a catalog: display Don Quixote English    

All the works associated with a person, etc.

All the expressions of the same work All the manifestations of the same expression All items/copies of the same manifestation James/Kuhagen for VLA - Feb. 5, 2013

French German Spanish Exemplary novels Madrid, 1979 Library of Congress Copy 1 Green leather binding

Relationships

Pathways to Related Works

Wasserman The Man of La Mancha Don Quixote English French Movies … German Cervantes Exemplary novels Spanish Madrid, 1979 Library of Congress Copy 1 Green leather binding 39

40

Summary of differences

 Based on principles  Based on conceptual models  Content, not encoding, standard  More international  Wider scope of resources  Includes authority data  Has controlled vocabularies  Changes in instruction vocabulary  Core elements

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RDA is a content standard

41  Not a display standard (as is AACR2)  Does have appendix D for ISBD and appendix E for AACR2 style for access points  Not an encoding standard  Use whatever schema you prefer (MARC 21, Dublin Core, etc.)  Bibliographic Framework Transition Initiative

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More international

 Focus on local user needs 42  Choice of agency preparing the description:  Language of additions to access points  Language of supplied data  Script and transliteration  Calendar  Numeric system

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For wider scope of resources

 Response to what ’ s being acquired in libraries  More elements for non-printed text resources  More elements for non-text resources  More elements for unpublished resources 43

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Includes authority data instructions

 Based on attributes and relationships in FRAD  Authorized/variant access points and elements will for now continue to be documented in authority records 44

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45

Has controlled vocabularies

 Only a few closed : content, media, and carrier types; mode of issuance; etc.

 Most are open : cataloger can supply term if needed term not in list  Vocabularies being registered on the Web ( http://metadataregistry.org/rdabrowse.htm

) - goal of multiple languages and/or scripts

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AACR2 to RDA vocabulary

• heading • author, composer, etc. authorized access point creator • main entry preferred title + authorized access point for creator if appropriate • uniform title 46

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(1) preferred title (+ other information to differentiate); (2) conventional collective title

AACR2 to RDA vocabulary

• see reference • see also reference • physical description variant access point authorized access point for related entity carrier description 47

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AACR2 to RDA vocabulary

• GMD • chief source media type + carrier type + content type preferred sources 48

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RDA

Structure

49  General introduction  Identifying elements (entities and their attributes)  Ch. 1-7: work, expression, manifestation, item  Ch. 8-16: person, family, corporate body, place  Relationships: ch. 17-22, 24-32  Appendices  Glossary  Index

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50

RDA

structure

 Not by class of materials: no separate chapters for books, printed music, etc.

 Overarching principles applicable to all  Basic goals:

identify

and

relate

FRBR/FRAD user tasks and ICP) (from  Chapters: separate elements for goals  Assemble those elements when need authorized access points (instructions at end of chapters 6, 9-11)

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RDA not to be read linearly in Toolkit

 Using the online RDA Toolkit:  “ Jumping in ” via keyword searches  To elements from Table of Contents (ToC) pane   Following links Seeing some duplication of content (needed for context) 51  Can print chapters from Toolkit  Printed text version of

RDA

is available  Publishers considering

Essential RDA

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Core elements in RDA

52  Based on attributes mandatory for a national level record in FRBR and FRAD  Core elements listed as a group in RDA 0.6 and separately in appropriate chapters  Agency, consortium, etc., can add others

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“

Core-ness

”

identified at element level in RDA



If always

a core element (if applicable and available), label CORE ELEMENT appears below element name 

If use

as a core element

depends

upon the situation, the label CORE ELEMENT is followed by an explanation of the situation 53

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Other choices in

RDA

 Alternatives and options – marked in the RDA Toolkit with a green vertical line to left of text  “ or ” instructions  “ agency preparing … ” instructions 54

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55

U.S. cataloging policy

 Policy statements by the Library of Congress and the participants in the Program for Cooperative Cataloging  Identified in the RDA Toolkit by the icon  Free access to these policy statements in the RDA Toolkit  Some decisions still pending

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Examples: option and LC-PCC PS icons

56

Mappings, etc., for transition

57  RDA Appendix D mappings:  ISBD to RDA  MARC 21 bibliographic format to RDA  RDA Appendix E:  Presentation and punctuation of access points  MARC 21 authority format mapping to RDA  Mappings (MARC/RDA) in the RDA Toolkit  Free – on the Tools tab

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58

More about RDA Toolkit content

 “RDA” tab  Includes update history  “Tools” tab  Element set, mappings, examples, workflows, etc.

 “Resources” tab  AACR2, LC-PCC PSs, etc.

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59

RDA Toolkit

60  Schedule:  Six releases a year on 2 nd Tuesday of every other month (Feb., April, etc.) – minor changes in

RDA

content; changes in other content and in functionality  Major changes in RDA content in April from annual proposals of previous year  Toolkit is the responsibility of ALA Publishing  JSC responsible for content of

RDA (

the standard)

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Become familiar with …

 The RDA Toolkit: 30-day free access from ALA Publishing  For anyone: http://www.rdatoolkit.org/trial  For workshop attendees: another 30 days (use code from handout)  RDA elements to be found in national records in the U.S. – see handout

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Links in the webliography

 Free training materials  Bibliographic Framework Transition Initiative  Joint Steering Committee for Development of RDA  RDA Toolkit  Publisher ’s web site for the Toolkit  FRBR/FRAD and

ICP

webinars  “RIMMF” [webliography addendum]

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Questions about …

63  Conceptual models FRBR & FRAD?

 About

International Cataloguing Principles

?

 About scope and structure of RDA?

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