Transcript Document

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“Helping Ex-Offenders Make the Mental
Shift from Criminality to Work”
Dr. Steve Parese
SBP Consulting, Inc.
Today’s Agenda
Part 1: INTRODUCTION
A. Predictors of Criminality
B. What Actually Works?
Part 2: THE PROBLEM
C. Lack of Prosocial Skills
D. Use of Antisocial Thinking
E. Contrast with Employer
Expectations
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Today’s Agenda
Part 3: THE SOLUTION
F. Stages of Change
G. Cog Skills: New Tools
H. Cog Restructuring: New
Rules
I. Practicing the Intervention
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Part I:
INTRODUCTION
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Prison
Slang
Quiz
Prison Slang
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1. What is a Shank?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Piece of meat.
Part of a handcuff.
Handmade weapon.
Correctional officer.
Prison Slang
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1. What is a Shank?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Piece of meat.
Part of a handcuff.
Handmade weapon.
Correctional officer.
Prison Slang
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2. What is Clicking Up?
a. Getting promoted.
b. Getting assigned to a better
cell.
c. Joining a prison gang.
d. Lighting a cigarette when
not permitted.
Prison Slang
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2. What is Clicking Up?
a. Getting promoted.
b. Getting assigned to a better
cell.
c. Joining a prison gang.
d. Lighting a cigarette when
not permitted.
Prison Slang
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3. Who is Chester?
a. Prisoner who can’t function
in outside world.
b. Officer who smuggles in
contraband.
c. Prisoner avoids hard work.
d. Child molester.
Prison Slang
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3. Who is Chester?
a. Prisoner who can’t function
in outside world.
b. Officer who smuggles in
contraband.
c. Prisoner avoids hard work.
d. Child molester.
Prison Slang
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4. What is Riding Leg?
a. Homosexual relationship.
b. Becoming friendly with staff
for a favor.
c. Making up a story to gain
status with prisoners.
d. Receiving contraband.
Prison Slang
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4. What is Riding Leg?
a. Homosexual relationship.
b. Becoming friendly with staff
for a favor.
c. Making up a story to gain
status with prisoners.
d. Receiving contraband.
Prison Slang
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5. Who is Sancho?
a. Correctional officer.
b. Informer or snitch.
c. Latino prisoner.
d. Man having an affair with
your wife or girlfriend.
“SANTERIA” by
Sublime
I don't practice Santeria
I ain't got no crystal ball
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Well I had a million dollars
but I
I'd spend it all
If I could find that heina
and that Sancho that she'd
found
Well I'd pop a cap in Sancho
and I'd slap her down
Prison Slang
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5. Who is Sancho?
a. Correctional officer.
b. Informer or snitch.
c. Latino prisoner.
d. Man having an affair with
your wife or girlfriend.
Prison Slang
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5. Who is Sancho?
a. Correctional officer.
b. Informer or snitch.
c. Latino prisoner.
d. Man having an affair with
your wife or girlfriend.
Optical
Illusions
What do
you see?
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What about NOW?
What do you see?
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What about NOW?
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Left side only
Qu i c k T i m e ™ a n d a
T IF F (Un c o m p re s s e d ) d e c o m p re s s o r
a re n e e d e d t o s e e th i s p i c t u re .
Left side only
What do you
imagine will
be HERE?
Qu i c k T i m e ™ a n d a
T IF F (Un c o m p re s s e d ) d e c o m p re s s o r
a re n e e d e d t o s e e th i s p i c t u re .
Right side only
Qu i c k T i m e ™ a n d a
T IF F (Un c o m p re s s e d ) d e c o m p re s s o r
a re n e e d e d t o s e e th i s p i c t u re .
Right side only
What do you
imagine will
be HERE?
Qu i c k T i m e ™ a n d a
T IF F (Un c o m p re s s e d ) d e c o m p re s s o r
a re n e e d e d t o s e e th i s p i c t u re .
The whole picture…
Qu i c k T i m e ™ a n d a
T IF F (Un c o m p re s s e d ) d e c o m p re s s o r
a re n e e d e d t o s e e th i s p i c t u re .
It’s all a matter of
PERSPECTIVE
PERSPECTIVE
Qu i c k T i m e ™ a n d a
T IF F (Un c o m p re s s e d ) d e c o m p re s s o r
a re n e e d e d t o s e e th i s p i c t u re .
PERSPECTIVE
Introducing
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Randy
Randy’s been in jail for the past 6
months, this time for assaulting a
man in a local bar. Randy got a
few bruises, but the man lost an
eye.
“We were both talking crap,
and things just got a little out
of hand. It’s no big deal.
He’ll be okay. Besides, I
was drunk!”
Introducing
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Maria
Maria’s just getting released after
eight months in prison for passing
bad checks, one of many illegal
things she did to support her crack
cocaine habit.
“My little girl’s been in foster
care while I’ve been locked up,
and I want her back so bad it
hurts. If I could just catch one
lousy break...”
Introducing
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Damon
Damon went into a juvenile
training school at 15 and was
moved to an adult prison at 19.
He’s 21 now, back on the street…
and seldom straight.
“I’m making up for lost time. I’m
not bothering no one… so
what’s the big deal if I want to
hang with the fellas and smoke
a blunt?”
A. Predictors of Criminality
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What elements of
ENVIRONMENT
and/or
PERSONALITY
most accurately
predict later
criminality?
What Predicts Criminality?
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#6: Low Levels of
Personal
Achievement
(academic, vocational,
etc.)
What Predicts Criminality?
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#5: Criminality and
Psychological
Problems in Family of
Origin
What Predicts Criminality?
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#4: History of
Antisocial
Behavior from an
early age
What Predicts Criminality?
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#3: Temperament &
Personality
Factors (poor impulsive
or anger management, poor
insight, etc.)
What Predicts Criminality?
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#2: Association
with antisocial
peers +
Isolation from
prosocial peers
What Predicts Criminality?
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#1: Antisocial and
procriminal
attitudes
B. What Actually Works?
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Which approach has the greatest
So What Works?
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1. Psychodynamic
Approaches
TRAINING: 4-10 years
DELIVERY: Individual or
groups 6 months - several
years
So What Works?
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1. Psychodynamic
Approaches
Minimal impact on
institutional adjustment
1% reduction in recidivism
So What Works?
2. Behavioral
Approaches
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TRAINING: Several hours
on the job
DELIVERY: Instantly &
ongoing
So What Works?
2. Behavioral
Approaches
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Immediate but fading
impact on institutional
adjustment
10% reduction in
recidivism
So What Works?
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3. CognitiveBehavioral
Approaches
TRAINING: 1 week
content specific
DELIVERY: Groups, 2-3x weekly
So What Works?
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3. CognitiveBehavioral
Approaches
Gradual impact on
institutional adjustment
30% -50% reduction in recidivism
KEY POINT #1
The strongest predictor of
criminality is antisocial
thinking. As a result, the
most effective approaches
are cognitive behavioral
interventions (CBI)…
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KEY POINT #1
…which target antisocial
thinking and help exoffenders learn prosocial
skills for handling
challenging situations.
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Part II:
THE PROBLEM
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THE PROBLEM:
COGNITIVE DEFICIT #1
LACK OF
PROSOCIAL
SKILLS
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C. Antisocial Skills
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Individuals raised in poverty
and crime often develop
antisocial behaviors that
help them survive harsh
lives.
However, these same
behaviors can also keep
them from escaping that
life.
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Prosocial
Skills
“The personal and
interpersonal skills
needed to meet one’s
needs and interact with
others without the use
of illegal or harmful
behaviors.”
Team Activity
BRAINSTORM 5-6
PROSOCIAL SKILLS
NEEDED TO FIND AND HOLD A JOB IN
TODAY’S WORLD OF WORK
E.g., Time management
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Work-related
“prosocial skills”
Self-control skills:
• Handling stress
• Recognizing triggers
• Ignoring provocation
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Work-related
“prosocial skills”
Communication skills:
• Understanding directions
• Expressing complaints
• Dealing with criticism
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Work-related
“prosocial skills”
Social skills:
• Joining social activities
• Empathizing
• Reading body language
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Work-related
“prosocial skills”
Problem solving skills:
• Prioritizing problems
• Avoiding assumptions
• Organizing resources
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Why do so many exoffenders fail to use
these important skills?
1. SKILL DEFICIT
2. MOTIVATION DEFICIT
3. COGNITIVE
INCOMPATIBILITY
Imagine you’re a
secretary at a busy
law firm…
Would you make 50 copies of
this, please?
How about getting me a cup of
coffee… cream, no sugar?
You wouldn’t mind picking up
my dry cleaning, would you?
@#$% this!!
Enough is enough!
You’ve reached
“COGNITIVE INCOMPATABILITY!”
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15-minute
BREAK
THE PROBLEM:
COGNITIVE DEFICIT #2
Trapped in Antisocial
THINKING
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D. Antisocial Thinking
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Individuals steeped in
a criminal mindset
often perceive
events in ways that
justify their illegal or
harmful behaviors.
Antisocial Thinking Cycle
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Antisocial
TIF
F
a re (U n c Qu ick
n ee om p Tim
d ed re s e ™
t o se d ) a n d
s ee d e a
t hi s co m
pi c p re s
t ur
e. so r
Beliefs
Triggering
Justified
SITUATION
Negative
REACTIONS
Negative
THOUGHTS &
Behavior
FEELINGS
HARMFUL
Behavior
Based on a model created by
Jack Bush, Ph.D.
Maria’s Thinking Cycle
Maria is a 38-year-old woman who works as
a clerk in an all-night convenience store. Her
19-year-old supervisor Sarah tells her to
clean up a spill in the back. Maria scowls
and finds other things to do for the next 45
minutes. She calls her friend to complain:
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“I’m not going to let some KID tell me
what to do. If she’d asked nicely, I might
have said yes, but @#$% that!”
Later, Sarah confronts her angrily about the
spill. Maria walks off the job, convinced she’s
just standing up for herself.
Antisocial Thinking Cycle
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BELIEF: “No one has the right to
TELL me what to do…. least of all
a kid!”
TIF
F
a re (U n c Qu ick
n ee om p Tim
d ed re s e ™
t o se d ) a n d
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Sarah tells Maria to
clean up a spill in
Justified
the back. for
Leaving Job“@#$#%
Sarah confronts her
that!”
about the spill 45
minutes later.
ANGRY
Ignores Sarah’s
request. Calls friend
to complain.
Based on a model created by
Jack Bush, Ph.D.
Antisocial Thinking Traps
Addiction, violence,
poverty and criminality
often create antisocial
patterns of thinking.
This thinking can justify
behaviors which
ultimately perpetuate the
cycle of incarceration.
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Antisocial Thinking Trap #1
“I decide for
myself what I
will or won’t do.
No one TELLS
me what to do.”
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Antisocial Thinking Trap #2
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“I don’t let
ANYONE get
away with
putting me
down.”
Antisocial Thinking Trap #3
“I am who I am.
I’m not going to
change to make
someone else
happy.”
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Antisocial Thinking Trap #4
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“You have a
right to get even
with people
mess with you.”
Antisocial Thinking Trap #5
“Don’t admit to
ANYTHING
unless you have
no other
choice.”
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Randy’s Problem
Randy’s brother playfully
suggests that he get a hair cut
before he shows up for family
dinner Thanksgiving.
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“Listen,
bro,who
thisIisam.
me I’m
-- take
‘I am
it ornot
leave
it. Iftoyour
@#$%
going
change
to
wife make
has a someone
problem with
elsethe
way I look, happy.’
she can kiss my
@$$!”
Which personal belief is he using?
Damon’s Problem
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Damon gets cut off in traffic, then
follows the other vehicle for 5
miles. At a stop light, get gets out
and screams at the other driver,
threatening him with a baseball
bat.
“He almost ran me off the road!
‘You have a right to
Didn’t even say sorry!
get even with people
Somebody had to teach him
who mess with you.’
some manners!”
Which personal belief is he using?
E. Employer Expectations
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Almost all employers have
a number of written
policies and procedures
which they share with
new employees.
Most also have a list of
UNSPOKEN
expectations which they
just assume workers will
Babysitter Rules
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Imagine that you hire a
babysitter to watch your
2-year old…
What expectations are SO
BASIC you wouldn’t even
bother to state them?
Employer Expectation #1
“Be courteous to
customers or the
public, even when
they are
unpleasant to
you.”
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Employer Expectation #2
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“Do what you are
asked to do, even
if you don’t want
to.”
Employer Expectation #3
“Accept
constructive
criticism without
getting defensive
about it.”
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Employer Expectation #4
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“Do your best to
fit in. Don’t look
or act too
different.”
Employer Expectation #5
“Don’t cover up
problems. If you
make a mistake,
at least be honest
about it.“
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Antisocial
Beliefs
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versus
Employer
Expectations
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Look for opposing rules.
Opposing Beliefs
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1. “I decide for
myself what I will or
won’t do. No one
TELLS me what to
do.”
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B. “Do what you are
asked to do, even if
you don’t want to.”
Opposing Beliefs
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2. “I don’t let
ANYONE get away
with putting me
down.”
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C. “Accept
constructive
criticism without
getting defensive
about it .“
Opposing Beliefs
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3. “I am who I am.
I’m not going to
change to make
someone else
happy.”
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D. “Do your best to
fit in. Don’t look or
act too different.”
Opposing Beliefs
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4. “You have a right
to get even with
people who mess
with you.”
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A. “Be courteous to
customers, even if
they are unpleasant
to you.”
Opposing Beliefs
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5. “Don’t admit to
ANYTHING unless
you have no other
choice.”
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E. “Don’t cover up
for problems. If you
make a mistake, be
honest about it.”
Randy’s Side
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Randy gets a maintenance job
at a major hotel chain. He has
a disagreement with his
supervisor when she asks him
to cover his tattoos.
“What’s wrong with showing my
‘I am
am.
I’mI’m
tattoos?
I’m who
proudI of
them!
not going
to pretend
to be to
not going
to change
somebody
just to
keep
makedifferent
someone
else
this stupid job.”
happy.’
Which personal belief is he using?
Employer’s Perspective
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“He doesn’t understand that all
those tattoos and piercings
can scare off some of our
more conservative guests. In
our business, you have to
keep up a certain image.”
‘Do your best to fit in.
Don’t act or dress too
different.’
Which Workplace Expectation is she using?
Damon’s Side
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Damon works as a flagman on a
road crew. One day, a driver
zoomed by him too close. Damon
cursed him out and threw a rock
at the car. When the driver called
the owner of the company,
Damon was let go.
“He nearly
ran
me adown!
‘You
have
right toWas I
supposed
let him
away with
getto
even
withget
people
that?” who mess with you.’
Which personal belief is he using?
Employer’s Perspective
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“Sometimes drivers are rude
or even unsafe around our
guys. It’s not right, but it
happens. But that doesn’t
justify that kind of profanity!
And throwing a rock?? He’s
lucky they didn’t press
‘Be courteous to
charges!”
customers, even if
they are unpleasant to
Which Workplace Expectation
you.’ is he using?
KEY POINT #2
Ex-offenders have often
never learned the prosocial
skills and attitudes that are
necessary for success in
the world of work.
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KEY POINT #2
Their antisocial perceptions
are often in opposition to
employers’ unspoken
expectations and can cause
serious problems with coworkers and supervisors.
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Part III:
THE SOLUTION
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So What Works?
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3. CognitiveBehavioral
Approaches
Gradual impact on
institutional adjustment
30% -50% reduction in recidivism
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You’re an All-Star
linebacker on your
high school football
team.
TACKLE HIM !
TACKLE HIM!!
TACKLE HIM!!!
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The basketball coach
approaches you and
says, “I need you on
my team!”
TACKLE HIM!
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Players learn to
“CODE-SWITCH” from
the rules of football
to the rules of
basketball.
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Ex-offenders must learn to “CODE-SWITCH”
from the rules & skills needed for home and
criminality ---> the rules & skills need for
work and professional life.
F. Stages of Change
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How does lasting
change take place
with addictive
habits, including
habits of thought?
(Prochaska, Norcross, & DiClemente,
1992.)
Stage 1:
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Resistance
It isn’t that we can’t find a
solution… it’s that we don’t
see the problem. The
Resistance Stage can last
for years.
Stage 2:
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Thinking
We are aware of the
problem and its
consequences. We may
plan to do something in the
next 6 months or so, but
haven’t made a real
commitment to it yet.
Stage 3:
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Planning
Sometimes it takes a major
event to move us from just
thinking about change to
seriously planning for it.
In this stage, we intend to
make a real change in the
next 30 days.
Stage 4:
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Action
We take action by changing
our behavior, our
experiences, and our
environment. This stage
usually lasts for the first 6
months after making a
change.
Stage 5:
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Good Things in
Life
Maintenance
We’ve been fairly
successful in making
change during this period,
and new habits are fairly
well established. We enter
this stage about 6 months
after making a change.
Randy admits he has a
problem with fighting:
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“I DO lose my cool from time to
time. I know I ought to do
something about it, cuz I get in
trouble all the time for it, but
nothing seems to work for me.
I guess I’m just hotheaded by
nature.”
Which stage of change is he in?
Stage 2: Thinking
Maria struggles day to day
with her addiction to crack:
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“It’s a day-by-day thing. I’ve
been clean and sober for
nearly a year now, going to NA
meetings and all, but there
was a time when I thought I
wasn’t going to make it.”
Which stage of change is she in?
Stage 5: Maintenance
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Damon smokes marijuana
daily:
“But only for fun! I could quit
anytime I want to. I just don’t
WANT to. Besides, it’s NOT like
crack, you know...”
Which stage of change is he in?
Stage 1: Resistance
Moving Through Stages
From RESISTANCE to THINKING:
Acknowledge the problem and become aware of its
consequences, both to yourself and others.
Bridge = Self Exploration
From THINKING to PLANNING
Take personal responsibility for fixing the problem.
Find the strength and courage to believe that
change is possible.
Bridge = Inspiration
Moving Through Stages
From PLANNING to ACTION:
Get ready for temptations and set up a support
network.
Bridge = Preparation
From ACTION to MAINTENANCE:
Voluntarily make significant changes in behavior
and surroundings. Keep up changes by avoiding
high risk people and situations.
Bridge = Determination
KEY POINT #3
Lasting change takes place
in a predictable series of
stages, beginning with
outright resistance. Forcing
the process or skipping
stages usually fails.
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Part III:
THE SOLUTION
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Intervention #1
COGNITIVE SKILLS
Teach the
TOOLS
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Intervention #2
COGNITIVE RESTRUCTURING
Teach the
RULES
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G. Cognitive Skill Building
CBI STRATEGY
#1 Cognitive Skill
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Instruction is most
useful when
antisocial behavior
is due to a lack of
prosocial skills.
Team Activity
Come up with a clear example of a client/customer
whose problem was because of a
Lack of prosocial skills.
E.g., Customer interrupts you on the phone
because they lack skills for remaining patient.
Identifying Skill Steps
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Randy gets fired because
he doesn’t know how to
accept criticism without
arguing. He attends a
class to help him deal
with criticism more
effectively.
Identifying Skill Steps
SMALL
GROUPS:
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Brainstorm YOUR
ideas about how to
handle constructive
criticism.
Handling Criticism
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1. Stop & think
2. Listen carefully
3. Show you
understand
4. Ask how to resolve
5. Agree, or explain
your side
From “Workin’ It Out” ® soft skills training curriculum
COGNITIVE SKILLS
methodology
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TOOLS
Cognitive Skills Instruction is
generally provided in small
group classroom settings.
Instructors present a
challenging social situation,
then break down the skills
needed to handle it
prosocially. Skillful responses
are demonstrated and role
played.
KEY POINT #4
“Cognitive skill building” is
most useful when problems
are the result of a lack of
prosocial skills.
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KEY POINT #4
Typical skills include anger
management, logical
problem solving, dealing
with criticism, etc.
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H. Cognitive Restructuring
CBI STRATEGY
#2 Cognitive
Restructuring is
most useful when
antisocial behavior
is due to entrenched
antisocial beliefs.
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Team Activity
Come up with a clear example of a client/customer
whose problem was because of
Strong Antisocial Beliefs.
E.g., Customer interrupts you on the phone
because they truly believe that THEIR needs
outweigh anyone else’s.
COGNITIVE restructuring
methodology
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RULES
1.LISTEN
2.CAPTURE
3.CHALLENG
E
4.RESPECT
COGNITIVE restructuring
CORE BELIEFS
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RULES
The most important skill
in Cognitive
Restructuring is
IDENTIFYING THE CORE
BELIEF used to justify the
antisocial behavior.
Randy admits he has a problem
with fighting:
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“I DO lose my cool from time to
time. I know I ought to do something
about it, cuz I get in trouble all the
time for it, but nothing seems to
work for me. I guess I’m just
hotheaded by nature.”
“What I’m doing is okay because:”
“A man can’t help being
who he is…”
Damon smokes marijuana daily:
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“But only for fun! I could quit
anytime I want to. I just don’t WANT
to. Besides, it’s NOT like crack, you
know...”
“What I’m doing is okay because:”
“It’s not as bad as what
some people do…”
COGNITIVE restructuring
THE CHALLENGE
‘What does it
matter how I
look, as long as
I do my job?’
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You can CHALLENGE a
justification on the basis of:
1. Unspoken Rules of
Work
“From a personal perspective, that
makes sense. In your personal life , you
wouldn’t EVER let someone tell you how
to dress. But at work, the rules are
different, and an employer DOES have
the right to set a dress code.”
COGNITIVE restructuring
THE CHALLENGE
‘Yeah, I walked
out, but I taught
my so-called
boss a lesson,
didn’t I?’
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You can CHALLENGE a
justification on the basis of:
2. Self-Interest
“Yeah, but I don’t buy it… You’re way too
smart to believe that the satisfaction you
got from walking out was worth the
hassle you’re going to have to put up
with if you have to look for a new job
again.”
COGNITIVE restructuring
THE CHALLENGE
‘Honestly?
NOTHING is
putting up with
THAT crap
every single
day!’
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You can CHALLENGE a
justification on the basis of:
3. Pre-established Goals
“I don’t buy it… You’ve always said that
you wanted to prove to your family that
you’ve changed, that they could trust
you again. Have you given up on that
goal? Cuz if you keep this up, it’ll only
show that you CAN’T be trusted.”
COGNITIVE restructuring
THE CHALLENGE
‘So what if I
borrowed a
couple of tools
for a few
days?’
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You can CHALLENGE a
justification by:
4. Relabeling Behavior
“I don’t buy it… You can say you were
only ‘borrowing’ those tools, but we both
know what happened: you took
advantage of a unsupervised moment to
walk off with something that wasn’t
yours. That’s not borrowing, it’s stealing.
You’ve lost more than your job today -you’ve lost my respect as well.”
Maria gets to work 30 minutes late, and
her supervisor writes her up.
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Later that week, she has to stay 2
hours late to cover for a co-worker who
doesn’t get written up. Maria files a
grievance with the district manager
claiming she was treated unfairly.
“She wrote me up, so I wrote her up!
She only did it because she knows I
need this job to get my daughter
back. Well, @#$% her!
I won’t put up with it!”
CODE SWITCHING WITH MARIA
1. LISTEN
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“She wrote me up, so I wrote her up! She only
did it because she knows I need this job to get
my daughter back. Well, @#$% her! I won’t
put up with it!”
2. CAPTURE
“So Maria, you think you did the right thing
because, the way you see it:
She got you in trouble, so you had the
right to get her in trouble too. Fair’s
fair, right?”
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CODE SWITCHING WITH MARIA
3. CHALLENGE
But I don’t buy it. There’s a part of you that
thinks that way, but there’s another part of you
-- the mother in you -- that KNOWS
that the RIGHT thing to do would have
been to to swallow your pride and save
your job. Didn’t you say that you
NEEDED this job to get your daughter
back? Are you willing to throw that away
over an employee write up?
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4. RESPECT
I respect your right to make your own decision, but I
don’t see this as a good choice, and I can’t support it.
Practice with Randy
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Randy gets a maintenance job at a major
hotel chain. He has a disagreement with
his supervisor when she asks him to
cover his tattoos.
“What’s wrong with showing my
tattoos? I’m proud of them! I’m
not going to pretend to be
somebody different just to keep
this stupid job.”
Role play a 1:1 Cog Restructuring Session with Randy
1. Listen 2. Capture 3. Challenge 4. Respect
Practice with Damon
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Damon works as a flagman on a road
crew. One day, a driver zoomed by him
too close. Damon cursed him out and
threw a rock at the car. When the driver
called the owner of the company, Damon
was let go.
“He nearly ran me down! Was
I supposed to let him get away
with that?”
Role play a 1:1 Cog Restructuring Session with Damon
1. Listen 2. Capture 3. Challenge 4. Respect
KEY POINT #5
“Cognitive restructuring” is
most useful when problems
are the result of antisocial
thinking.
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KEY POINT #5
This thinking can be effectively
confronted if we try to first see
how the ex-offender justifies the
behavior to him/herself, then
challenge it on the basis of
things already important to the
client.
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AUTOBIOGRAPHY
IN FIVE SHORT CHAPTERS
By Portia Nelson
CHAPTER ONE
I walk down the street.
There is a deep hole in the sidewalk.
I fall in.
I am lost ... I am helpless.
It isn’t my fault.
It takes forever to find a way out.
AUTOBIOGRAPHY
IN FIVE SHORT CHAPTERS
By Portia Nelson
CHAPTER TWO
I walk down the same street.
There is a deep hole in the sidewalk.
I pretend I don’t see it.
I fall in again.
I can’t believe I’m in the same place.
But it isn’t my fault.
AUTOBIOGRAPHY
IN FIVE SHORT CHAPTERS
By Portia Nelson
CHAPTER THREE
I walk down the same street.
There is a deep hole in the sidewalk.
I see it there.
I still fall in ... it’s a habit.
My eyes are open.
I know where I am.
It’s my fault.
I get out immediately.
AUTOBIOGRAPHY
IN FIVE SHORT CHAPTERS
By Portia Nelson
CHAPTER FOUR
I walk down the same street.
There is a deep hole in the sidewalk.
I walk around it.
AUTOBIOGRAPHY
IN FIVE SHORT CHAPTERS
By Portia Nelson
CHAPTER FIVE
I walk down another street.
Thanks for your time and attention!
If you’d like more information about
my programs or workshops, see me!
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Dr. Steve Parese
www.WorkinItOut.com
[email protected]