Transcript BIO 2310

BIO 2310
HUMAN ANATOMY AND
PHYSIOLOGY I
ANATOMICAL
TERMINOLOGY
 Anatomy,
Gross anatomy, Physiology
Study of Structures and their relationships,
Macroscopic Anatomy, Study of Functions
Levels of organization

Chemical/Molecular
Examples - water, proteins
 Cellular; Cytology
Smallest living units, example - muscle cell
 Tissue; Histology
Cells combining for a common function,
example - muscle tissue

Organ
Tissues combining for a common function,
heart
 System – e.g. Cardiovascular system
 Organism – Human Being
ANATOMICAL POSITION
Directional Terms

Lateral/Medial
 Proximal/Distal
 Anterior-Ventral/Posterior-Dorsal
 Superior-Cranial/Inferior-Caudal
 Superficial-External/Deep-Internal
 Palmer/Plantar
 Ipsilateral, Contralateral, Bilateral
Planes and Sections

Sagittal, Midsagittal
 Transverse
 Frontal (Coronal)
Cavities

DORSAL
– Cranial
– Spinal

VENTRAL
(VISCERA)
– Thoracic
(inferior
boundary –
diaphragm)
– Abdominal
– Pelvic