Transcript 17. Performance Analysis

KS4 Physical
Education
Performance Analysis
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Learning objectives
Learning objectives
What we will learn in this presentation:
The importance of rules, regulations and correct
terminology
How to observe and analyse a performance
Assessing the strengths and weaknesses of a
performance
Evaluating a performance against the perfect model
Evaluating planning, strategies and tactics
Evaluating mental approach, teamwork and
leadership
The importance of feedback
How to use analysis models.
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What you need to be able to do
Performance analysis brings together many areas of PE.
You need to be able to:
accurately observe and evaluate your own
performance and that of others in a chosen
practical activity
comment on sporting performance in a
structured way, demonstrating your knowledge
and understanding of a chosen practical
assessment activity
apply knowledge gained in other areas of the
course – for example, the components of skill
related fitness.
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Performance analysis
Performance analysis involves
knowledge and application of:
rules, regulations and
terminology
observation and analysis
performance evaluation
against the perfect model
planning strategies and
training methods
leadership in sport.
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Rules, regulations and terminology
Rules are also sometimes known as laws or regulations.
There are a number of reasons why sports have rules.
1. To define the game – for example, the rules for
tennis state that serves must land in the service box.
2. To ensure fair play – for example, sprinters can be
disqualified for false starts.
3. To ensure the safety of performers and spectators –
for example, rugby tackles must be made below the
neck to prevent head and neck injuries.
Identify three common rules applied
in a sport of your choice.
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Rules, regulations and terminology
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Rules, regulations and terminology
Sports terminology is the ‘language' of a sport – the
particular words and phrases that are used to describe skills
and performance in specific sports.
Terminology is used in match analyses, publications from
governing bodies and award schemes.
When evaluating a performance, it is important that you make
use of the correct terminology in order to accurately describe
what you observed.
Make a list of words
and phrases used
in a sport of your
choice.
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Rules, regulations and terminology
Task
Get into pairs. Each choose a sport.
Write down:
ten rules that must be followed
the punishment for breaking each rule
any signals that may be used by officials
any terminology relating to this sport.
Now use your answers to write 10 questions about the
rules, regulations and terminology of your chosen sport.
Test your partner to see how much they know.
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Observation and analysis
In your practical work, you will be
expected to observe your
performances and those of others,
and examine them in detail.
You should be able to analyse
what you observe in order to identify
strengths and weaknesses in the performance. Relate
your answers to techniques, skills, movements, tactics
and strategies.
You must be able to give feedback about the
performance you have just observed, using correct
terminology.
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Observation
You need to think about how you observe performances.
Here are some points to consider:
Observe from the best possible
position. Think about whether the
performer is right- or left-handed.
You may need to change your position
to observe different aspects of the
performance.
Observe for some time so that you see
several actions/shots/movements.
Break down complex skills into their
component parts.
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Observation and analysis
When observing a performance, bear in mind the
components of skill related fitness:
agility
balance
coordination
power
reaction time
and speed.
The importance of each component will vary greatly
between different sports – someone doing archery will
require very little speed or agility.
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Observation and analysis
You should also consider:
Technique – the procedure used to perform a particular task.
Skill – how well tasks are carried out. Skill is
usually gained through experience and training.
Tactics – an approach designed to deal with particular
opposition (individual or team). Tactics are usually
worked out in advance of competition.
Routines/sequences – some sports such
as gymnastics and figure skating require
performers to put together routines.
Consider the diversity of skill involved and
how well the skills are linked together.
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Observation and analysis
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Notation
When analysing performance, it can be useful to make
notes and record statistics. Here is an example of
notational analysis from the 2005 Ashes series:
player
Vaughan
Flintoff
Bell
Strauss
runs
326
402
171
393
ducks
1
1
2
0
50s
1
3
2
0
100s
1
1
0
2
caught
70%
50%
70%
70%
bowled
30%
40%
10%
30%
LBW
0%
10%
20%
0%
What conclusions could be drawn from these statistics?
Are there any potential problems with
basing your analysis on a table like this?
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Strengths and weaknesses
A useful step towards improving the quality of performance
is identifying strengths and weaknesses.
After observing a performance:
1. Make a list of the good points.
2. Make a list of areas needing
improvement. Place the most
important at the top.
3. Suggest ways that weak areas could
be improved, or the performer’s style
of play altered to hide deficiencies.
4. Suggest ways in which the performer
could make the most of their strengths
– this may involve altering their tactics.
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Strengths:
Volleying
Weaknesses:
Lack of power
Concentration
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Strengths and weaknesses
Problem
A tennis player who is struggling with their
serve may identify the ball toss as their
biggest weakness. They often do not throw the ball into
the air accurately before hitting it with their racket.
Solution
They could practice their ball placement by putting the
racket on the ground in front of them and tossing the ball
up in the air repeatedly so that it falls onto the racket.
The tennis player is also having trouble
with their volley shots at the net.
Can you suggest a way they could
improve this aspect of their game?
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Strengths and weaknesses
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The perfect model
The perfect model is when a performance is at its very best
and can be described as skilled and technically correct.
Judging an individual’s performance against the perfect
model can help you to describe strengths and weaknesses
in their performance.
First of all, however, you must know how to describe the
perfect model.
Understanding the perfect model can come from:
playing experience
watching others
reading about a sport in depth
listening to and watching top performers.
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Evaluation against the perfect model
An example:
The perfect model for the shot-put.
Think about
1. the grip
2. the arm position
3. the stance
4. the movement
5. the release.
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Evaluation against the perfect model
Task
Choose a skill that you
know you are good at in
a sport of your choice.
Write a description of
how you would perform
that skill to perfection.
When finished, read this
to a partner. Does it
make sense to them?
Write down three ways in which your performance of
the skill differs from the perfect model.
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Planning
When analysing a performance, you need to consider the
planning behind it.
Coaches devise strategies to beat opponents well in advance
of competition. A performer’s strategies should play to their
own strengths and also take account of their opponents – they
should attempt to neutralize the strengths of the opposition
and capitalize on any weaknesses they have.
Tactics are less long-term – they dictate
how a strategy is to be implemented. At
the highest levels in sport, tactics are
given much time and thought. They may
need to be altered during a competition
to counter the tactics of the opposition.
Strategies and tactics should be practised in training.
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Planning
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Mental approach
When analysing a performance, you
should also consider the performer’s
mental approach to competing.
In individual activities like squash, a good
performance requires concentration – a
player may have great skills and tactics,
but make a lot of unforced errors.
In team games, you should also think about how the players
work together.
Is the teamwork good? Are there selfish players who seek
personal glory at the expense of the team? Is success due to
the whole team or dictated by a few key players?
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Leadership
Leadership principles and roles can have a significant effect
on performance in sport.
Obvious leaders have titles – coach, captain, etc.
Sometimes, individuals act as leaders even though they are
not the captain – for example, the fly-half in a rugby team is
usually responsible for many of the tactical decisions, whether
they are captain or not.
As well as making good decisions,
a leader should be able to inspire
and motivate their team.
David Beckham was the England football
captain for several years.
What were his best qualities as a leader?
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Leadership
What qualities do leaders have?
Make a list of the qualities you think the best leaders
have. The list has been started for you:
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Feedback
After analysing a performance, you will need to give
feedback to the performer.
Feedback is vital to the learning process. It helps the
performer to assess their progress and identify areas that still
need improvement. These may not be obvious to the
performer themselves.
You can give feedback in a number of ways:
verbally
physical demonstration
video playback
diagrams.
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Feedback
Giving feedback is a skill which can be
done well or badly.
You need to take into account the
performer’s personality – some
people respond well to being shouted
at and told off; other people don’t.
You should also consider the
situation.
Feedback during a training session can be thorough and
highly technical. However, if you are giving feedback at halftime in a match, you will need to prioritize what to say.
It might be best to concentrate on areas like tactics and
mental approach rather than specific skills.
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Analysis tips
During your practical activities, you will be asked questions
by your teacher and possibly an examiner.
Don’t panic, just remember the following advice…
If you don’t hear or understand a
question, ask for it to be repeated.
Don’t answer questions straight
away – observe the activity for a
couple of minutes.
Use an analysis model to give the
process some structure.
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Analysis models
Here is an example of an analysis model:
2. Analyse
1. Observe
e.g. note that player 3
e.g. watch a cricket
team play and make
detailed observations.
is often dismissed leg
before wicket.
Restart the
process
3. Evaluate
e.g. compared to the
perfect model, player 3
does not move their
feet enough.
5. Feedback
e.g. communicate
your observations
and training plan.
4. Plan
e.g. devise a training
plan to improve
player 3’s footwork.
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Analysis models
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Exam-style questions
1. List two things that a coach should consider when
deciding how best to observe a performer.
2. The following
statistics were
recorded
during a
netball match.
Player Goals Interceptions Dropped
made
passes
Sally
8
1
6
Cho
4
2
2
Carla
0
5
0
Deepa
0
0
1
a) Pick two players. What feedback would you give them?
b) What are the limitations of the table as a tool for
performance analysis?
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