11-1188_Ch04

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Transcript 11-1188_Ch04

Medical Terminology for Health Professions Ann Ehrlich/Carol L.Schroeder

7th Edition The Muscular System Chapter 4

Overview of Structures, Combining Forms, and Functions of the Muscular System

Muscles

Fascia

Tendons

Types of Muscle Tissue

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Types of Muscle Tissue

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Types of Muscle Tissue

Smooth muscles: • Located in walls of internal organs, blood vessels, and ducts leading from glands • Move and control the flow of fluids through these structures • Involuntary, unstriated, and visceral muscles

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Types of Muscle Tissue

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Types of Muscle Tissue

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Types of Muscle Tissue

Types of Muscle Tissue

Muscle Contraction and Relaxation

• Muscle innervation: stimulation of a muscle by an impulse transmitted by a motor nerve • Neuromuscular: pertaining to the relationship between a nerve and muscle © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved

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Muscle Contraction and Relaxation

Contrasting Muscle Motion

• Abduction: movement of a limb

away from

midline of the body • Adduction: movement of a limb

toward

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Contrasting Muscle Motion

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Contrasting Muscle Motion

• Flexion: decreasing the angle between two bones by bending a limb at a joint • Extension: increasing the angle between two bones or the straightening out of a limb • Hyperextension: the extreme or overextension of a limb or body part beyond its normal limit

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Contrasting Muscle Motion

Rotation and Circumduction

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Rotation and Circumduction

Supination and Pronation

• Supination: the act of rotating the arm or leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned forward or upward • Pronation: the act of rotating the arm or leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned downward or backward

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Supination and Pronation

Dorsiflexion and Plantar Flexion

• Dorsiflexion: the movement that bends the foot

upward

at the ankle • Plantar flexion: the movement that bends the foot

downward

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Dorsiflexion and Plantar Flexion

Key Word Parts and Definitions

• • • •

bi-

– twice, double, two

-cele

– hernia, tumor, swelling

dys-

– bad, difficult, or painful

fasci/o

– fascia, fibrous band

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Key Word Parts and Definitions

• • • •

fibr/o

– fibrous tissue, fiber

-ia

– abnormal condition, disease, plural of

-ium -ic

– pertaining to

kines/o, kinesi/o

– movement

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Key Word Parts and Definitions

• • • •

my/o

– muscle

-plegia

– paralysis, stroke

-rrhexis

– rupture

tax/o

– coordination, order

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Key Word Parts and Definitions

• • •

ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o

– tendon, stretch out, extend, strain

ton/o

– tone, stretching, tension,

tri-

Spinal Cord Injuries

Questions

Question

The largest muscle in the human body is found in the buttocks.

True or False?

Answer True.

The gluteus maximus in the buttocks is the largest muscle in the body.

Question

How many muscles are required to raise your eyebrows?

Answer c. 30

Question Pronation

is the act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is turned upward.

True or False?

Answer False. Supination

is the act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is turned upward.

Question Singultus

Answer b. Hiccups

Answers to Learning Exercises

Chapter 4 Answers Matching Word Parts 1

4.1.

-ia

4.2.

fasci/o

4.3.

fibr/o

4.4.

-cele

4.5.

kines/o, kinesi/o

4.6.

tax/o

4.7.

my/o

4.8.

-rrhexis

4.9.

tend/o

4.10.

ton/o

Matching Muscle Directions and Positions

4.11.

4.12.

4.13.

4.14.

4.15.

transverse sphincter oblique rectus lateralis

Chapter 4 Answers Definitions

4.16.

skeletal

4.17.

heel spur

4.18.

supination

4.19.

bradykinesia

4.20.

physiatrist

4.21.

myofascial

4.22.

tendon

4.23.

adhesion

Definitions

4.24.

paraplegia

4.25.

tenodesis

4.26.

myocardial

4.27.

gluteus maximus

4.28.

tendon

4.29.

deltoid

4.30.

sphincter

Chapter 4 Answers Which Word?

4.31.

strain

4.32.

neuromuscular blocker

4.33.

dystonia

4.34.

impingement syndrome

4.35.

deltoid

Spelling Counts

4.36.

antispasmodic

4.37.

singultus

4.38.

gravis

4.39.

ganglion

4.40.

pronation

Chapter 4 Answers Abbreviation Identification

4.41.

carpal tunnel syndrome

4.42.

deep tendon reflexes

4.43.

range of motion

4.44.

repetitive stress disorder

4.45.

spinal cord injury

Term Selection

4.46.

myorrhexis

4.47.

myolysis

4.48.

hyperkinesia

4.49.

hamstring

4.50.

myofascial release

Chapter 4 Answers Sentence Completion

4.51.

epicondylitis

4.52.

flexion

4.53.

intermittent claudication

4.54.

myoparesis

4.55.

spasmodic torticollis

Word Surgery

4.56.

electr/o, my/o, -graphy

4.57.

hyper-, kines, -ia

4.58.

my/o, clon, -us

4.59.

poly-, myos, -itis

4.60.

sarc/o, -penia

True/False

4.61.

True

4.62.

False

4.63.

True

4.64.

False

4.65.

False

Chapter 4 Answers Clinical Conditions

4.66.

ganglion cyst

4.67.

myocele

4.68.

atrophy

4.69.

hypotonia

4.70.

chronic fatigue

4.71.

Achilles tendinitis

4.72.

myalgia

4.73.

shin splint

4.74.

quadriplegia

4.75.

hemiparesis

Chapter 4 Answers Which Is the Correct Medical Term?

4.76.

dystrophy

4.77.

carpal tunnel release

4.78.

adduction

4.79.

myotomy

4.80.

dorsiflexion

Challenge Word Building

4.81.

myopathy

4.82.

polymyalgia

4.83.

myonecrosis

4.84.

fasciorrhaphy

4.85.

polymyectomy

4.86.

fasciodesis

4.87.

myocarditis

4.88.

fasciectomy

4.89.

herniorrhaphy

4.90.

sphincterotomy

Chapter 4 Answers Labeling Exercises

4.91.

flexion

4.92.

extension

4.93.

abduction

4.94.

adduction

4.95.

pronation

4.96.

supination

4.97.

dorsiflexion

4.98.

plantar flexion

4.99.

circumduction

4.100.

rotation

11-1188_Ch04

Transcript 11-1188_Ch04

Types of Muscle Tissue

Spinal Cord Injuries

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