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Conference on the Future of Energy in Enlarged Europe: Perspectives for R&D Co-operation Warsaw, 7-8 October 2004 Roundtable: Hydrogen energy technologies and economy Hydrogen Technologies Leading to a Hydrogen Economy Hanns-Joachim Neef [email protected] Project Management Organisation Jülich (Projektträger Jülich, PTJ) PtJ at a glance - 2003 Offices at: Staff: Total budget administered : No. of projects administered : Jülich, Berlin, Rostock total 325; about 150 scientific personnel ca. 600 Mio. € Number of Annual budget ca. 5300 projects (Mio. €) Biotechnology 862 120 Energy 884 129 Environment 424 41 Marine, Polar and Geo Sciences 217 49 Shipping and Marine Technology 151 15 Basic Science 128 11 Material Research and Chemical Technologies 832 77 1487 121 350 33 SME and Innovation Support Programmes of the Federal States (Bundesländer) Why Hydrogen? • • • • • • • • H2 and security of energy supply H2 as a bridging option H2 and global climate protection H2 and local environmental protection H2 and renewable energy H2 and fuel cells H2 and investment in energy infrastructure H2 and industrial competitiveness The Way to the Hydrogen Economy Hydrogenoriented economy RTD, Demonstration H2 driving force Commercialization, market penetration CO2-free production H2 production & distribution • Energy security and supply • Competitiveness • Air quality • Global climate protection Pipeline infrastructure Dominant technology Distribution grids Filling/refuelling stations Distributed power generation Passenger cars FC & H2 systems Series production Fossilfuel-based economy 2010 2020 2030 2040 time Ref: European High Level Group , 2003 H2 Production • H2 produced by reforming of natural gas 2000 • Local H2 production at refuelling stations (reforming and electrolysis) 2010 • H2 produced from fossil fuels with CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS) 2015 • Significant H2 production from renewables, incl. biomass gasification 2020 • Increasing de-carbonisation of H2 production; renewables; fossil fuels with CCS; new nuclear 2040 • Direct H2 production from renewables; decarbonised H2 society 2050 Ref: European High Level Group , 2003 H2 storage and distribution • H2 transport by road 2000 2010 • Local H2 refuelling stations • Local clusters of H2 refuelling stations & clusters of 2015 local H2 distribution grids • 1st generation H2 storage 2015 • Interconnection of local H2 distribution grids 2020 • Widespread of H2 pipeline infrastructure 2025 • 2nd generation on-board H2 storage 2025 Ref: European High Level Group , 2003 German Initiative Hydrogen Strategy Group Working Groups Boundary Conditions FC R&D Strategy Paper PEFC Supply & Logistics Application Technologies RTD Operations New and ongoing projects and initiatives SOFC Hydrogen Production Standardization BERTA Task Force H2 R&D Strategy Paper Education & PR Working Groups H2 R&D Strategy Paper • System Analysis • • Basic Research • • • • R&D for Application • • • • Demonstration • P = production L = logistic, infrastructure A = application Overall assessment of technologies P: alternative technologies, catalysts for decentralised reforming L: gas separation (H2 and CO2), new storage technologies A: materials for FC; materials for HD-H2 turbines P: HD electrolysis; H2 from coal or biomass, H2 from offshore wind, system analysis for decentralised reforming L: high-efficient H2 liquefaction, GH2 and LH2 storage, refuelling components, pipeline systems, safety technologies A: H2 ICE engines, H2 burner for gas turbines, catalytic burners, membrane manufacture, FC manufacture, BOP components National, EU and international large scale projects (lighthouse projects) European Initiative European Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology Platform (H2FCTP) Member States' Mirror Group Steering Panels Initiative Groups Advisory Council (Executive Group) Strategic Research Agenda Financing, Business Development Regulations, Codes, Standards H2FCTP Secretariat Deployment Strategy Education, Training Public Awareness Platform Operations New and ongoing projects and initiatives (EU + MS national, regional & local) ERA-NET on Hydrogen and Fuel Cells: HY - CO (1 October 2004 – 31 October 2008) • HY-CO offers a common European platform for information and programme coordination of hydrogen and fuel cells R&D activities • HY-CO establishes a common knowledge base for development of coherent policies towards a hydrogen economy • HY-CO strengthens the European R&D and demonstration infrastructure on H2/FC technologies through joint activities • HY-CO supports the Member States Mirror Group of the H2/FC Platform • HY-CO has 21 participants from 16 countries International Partnership for the Hydrogen Economy The vision of the International Partnership for the Hydrogen Economy is that a participating country’s consumers will have the practical option of purchasing a competitively priced hydrogen powered vehicle, and be able to refuel it near their homes and places of work, by 2020. In reality, the IPHE Partners must learn: • How to make fuel cells economical (reduce cost by a factor ten) • Lower cost of hydrogen production by a factor four • Devise practical new methods to store hydrogen • Surmount the overarching obstacles to developing a hydrogen based delivery and refuelling system Australia India Brazil Italy Canada Japan China Korea EC Norway France Russia Germany UK Iceland US Observers: Egypt, New Zealand, Poland, … IPHE Analysis of Options for International Co-operation • Innovative and Alternative Production Processes of Hydrogen • Collaborative Fuel Cell R&D under the IPHE • Hydrogen Storage • Collaborative Activities on Regulations, Codes and Standards for the Hydrogen Economy • Socio-economics of Hydrogen H2/FC Activities at the International Energy Agency • International Cooperation Projects (Implementing Agreements, IAs) – Hydrogen IA – Advanced Fuel Cells IA – Several other IAs related to H2/FC (Alternative Motor Fuels; Greenhouse Gas R&D; System Analysis; …) • Hydrogen Co-ordination Group (HCG) • Energy Technology Perspective Project (Markalbased technical-economic modelling) Conclusions • We need new and improved technologies – otherwise the Hydrogen Economy will not be competitive • Incentives to develop advanced technologies could speed their deployment and alter energy investment patterns • Rules for successful international cooperation – – – – You need added value – like the other partners You get most out of it if you invest your own resources You need internal coordination and dissemination You need a contractual framework with Clear objectives Clear programme of work Clear rules Efficient management Thank you