Transcript - Kien Safety Glass Sdn Bhd: Glass Manufacturer

Laminated Glass
Use Considerations – Safety
Presented by:
Julia Schimmelpenningh
Global Applications Manager - Architectural
Advanced Interlayers, Solutia Inc.
Renaissance Hotel, Kula Lumpur,
Renaissance Malaysia
Hotel, Kula
Lumpur, Malaysia
- November
4, 2010 - November 4, 2010
1
About Solutia Inc.
• $1.8 billion global
company
• Solutia® creates
performance materials that
provide comfort, safety,
security, durability and
energy efficiency vital to
our evolving world.
• The company employs
~3,800 people worldwide.
• Solutia is number 1 in our
markets, globally
Renaissance Hotel, Kula Lumpur, Malaysia - November 4, 2010
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About Solutia Products
• Solutia materials are
used primarily in the
construction,
transportation and
manufacturing markets.
• The company has a
strong portfolio of three
businesses:
– Advanced Interlayers
– Performance Films
– Technical Specialties
Renaissance Hotel, Kula Lumpur, Malaysia - November 4, 2010
3
Discussion Outline
•Introduction
•Building Regulations
•Safety Glazing Standards and Test
Methods
•Basic Design Criteria
•Emerging Building Trend
•Conclusion
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Introduction
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The “Safe” Side of “GREEN”
• Shelters = Safe
• Buildings = Shelter
• Building regulations exist in many parts of the
world, but varied
• Energy efficiency and green architecture are not
going away
• Must exist in a world where life safety
requirements have long been established and are
still of primary performance consideration for
glazing in hazardous locations
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Green Movement
•Clean Fuel
Alternatives
•Energy
Conservation
•Reduced Carbon
Footprint
•Responsibility
•Ownership
Coated Glass Use
Colored interlayers
Dynamic Materials
Gas Fills
Insulating glass units (IGU)
Solar or Tinted Glass
Surface Applied Films
Triple IGU
Vacuum Cavity
Warm Spacer
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Building Regulations
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Current Building Regulations
•Primary focus - adequate construction
to obtain a sustainable level of life
safety
•Primarily Life Safety Considerations
•Define Minimum Requirements
•Focus moved toward Energy
•Basic requirements for Health and
Safety must still be met
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Current Building Regulations
•“Code”, “Regulation” or “Norm”
– MANDATORY
•“Standard”, “Practice” or “Guideline”
– VOLUNTARY
• Referenced in “codes”
• Use or compliance becomes
mandatory
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Select Building Regulations
• International Building Code (IBC) – USA Building Code for NonResidential Buildings
• International Residential Building Code (IRC) – USA Building Code
for Residential Buildings
• Technical Specification for Application of Architectural Glass (JGJ
113) – Industrial Standards of the People’s Republic of China
• Safety Glazing Materials in Building – Part 3: Laminated Glass (GB
15763.3) – National Standards of the People’s Republic of China.
• Safety Glazing Materials in Buildings – Australia/New Zealand
Standard (AS/NZS 2208)
• Code of Practice for the Installation of Glazing in Buildings
(SABS 0137/SANS 10137) South Africa
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Regulatory Impact Areas
–Human Impact Protection
–Hazardous Locations
–Overhead Glazing
–Structural
–Railing and Balusters
–Hurricane
–Seismic
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Standards and Tests
……………………….
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Testing
•Safety Glazing – glass or glazing that
breaks safety when tested under specified
protocols
•Impacting commercially produced glazing
panels
•Impactor device may vary
– Shot Bag
– Twin Tire
– Steel Ball
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ANSI Z97.1
• Original Safety Glazing Impact Test (1960’s)
• Voluntary Safety Standard
–
–
–
–
–
Shot bag test
Enacted in 1966
Modified to meet industry changes
Latest Revision 2009
Applies to all safety glazing
• Tempered glass
• Laminated glass
• Plastic glazing
• Organic Coated Glass
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ANSI Z97.1 Shot Bag
Cross Section
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Human Impact Protection
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ANSI Z97.1 Shot Bag Pass Fail Criteria
• 10 largest pieces after
shatter
• 3” solid sphere passage for
Laminated, Plastic,
Organic Coated and
Filmed Glass
• Modulus of Rupture for
Plastics
• Boil Test
• Radiation
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Select Industry Standards
• ANSI Z97.1 Safety Glazing Materials Used in Buildings - Safety
Performance Specifications and Methods of Test. (United States of
America)
• AS 1288 -Glass in buildings—Selection and Installation (Australia)
• BS 6206 Specification for Impact Performance Requirements for Flat
Safety Glass and Safety Plastics for Use in Building (United Kingdom)
• CAN/CGSB 12.1-M Tempered or Laminated Safety Glass (Canada)
• CNS 1183/ 1184 Laminated Glass/ Methods of Test for Laminated
Glass (China)
• Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) 16 Code of
Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 1201 (United States of America)
• EN 12600 Glass in Building. Pendulum Test. Impact Test Method and
Classification for Flat Glass (Central European Norm)
• JIS R 3205:2005 - Laminated Glass (Japan)
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Pendulum Test EN 12600
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Ball Drop Test
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Basic Design Criteria
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Safety Glazing for Doors
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Near Floor Grade Glazing
91 cm
(36 in)
Area >0.84 m2 (9 ft2)
<46 cm (18 in)
Above floor
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Bathtubs, Showers etc…
< 152 cm
(60 in)
< 152 cm
(60 in)
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Overhead and Sloped Glazing
Sloped Glazing:
Any glazing >15
degrees (0.26 rad) from
vertical
15º
Skylights
Unit Skylights
Solariums
Sunrooms
Roofs
Sloped Walls
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Emerging Design Trends
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The Concern for Safety
•Glass breaks
•Causes of broken glass
•Glass falling or flying not desirable
•Post breakage behavior
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Glass Shard Containment
•Post event
•Failing glass injuries
•Lack of replacement/installation crew
•Lack of materials
•Prolonged street closings
– Injuries
– Trapped
– Revenue stream halted
– Disrupts lives and repair
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Emerging Areas for Glass Shard
Containment
•Assailant initiated
impact
•Atria
•Balusters
•Blast loads
•Debris impact
•Elevators
•Furniture glass
•Glass failures
•Overhead glazing
•Seismic racking
•Sloped glazing
•Skylight fall-through
•Railings
•Walkways
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Glass Shard Containment
•The Applications
– Cyclones/Typhoons –
• Fast moving missile
• Cyclical simulation
• Typically Single Unit Laminated
–Moving to IGU for Energy Conservation
• Key Objectives
–Keep Occupants Safe
–Prevent full pressurization of buildings
–Reduce contribution to debris field
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Impact Damage
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Driving Market to IGU
Glass
Interlayer (s)
Spacer
Basic
Elements
(single)
Windborne
Debris
(Laminated)
Energy & Impact
(Laminated IGU)
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Tuv
SC
SHGC
U-Factor
W/m-K
0.64
0.00
0.84
0.73
5.24
Laminated Insulating Units
33mm
6 mm Clear[13 mm A.S.] 66.6 Clear
33 mm
6 mm Low-e*[13 mm A.S.] 66.6 Clear
0.77
0.69
0.51
0.30
0.00
0.00
0.77
0.27
0.67
0.43
2.55
1.59
Double Laminated IGU (Laminated Glass - Air Space - Laminated Glass)
33 mm
33.2 Clear[13mm A.S.] 66.4 Clear
33 mm
33.2 Low-e* [13mm A.S.] 66.4 Clear
0.77
0.68
0.51
0.30
0.00
0.00
0.75
0.43
0.65
0.37
2.55
1.59
Triple Laminated IGU (Laminated Glass - Air Space - Monolithic Low-e Glass - Air Space - Laminated Glass)
33.2 Clear[6 mm AS]2.3 mm Low-e*[6 mm AS]66.4 Clear
35 mm
0.62
0.27
0.00
0.44
0.38
1.69
Laminated
14mm
Sol
Unit Configuration, mm
Vis
Nominal Overall
(mm)
%
T
0.86
%
T
Sample of Energy Enhancement
(Glass Glass.Saflex Layers @ 15g)
66.6 Clear
(Monolithic Glass - Air Space - Laminated Glass (inboard))
Information provided by Solutia Inc. The data and information set forth above are based on samples tested and are not guaranteed for all samples or applications. All data
calculated using Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Window 5 Program; NFRC/ASHRAE Conditions; center of glass values; US Standard units. Data presented is not inclusive
of all product/color offerings. Contact the manufacturer for a full product and performance listing. * Emissivity of Low-e 0.035.
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Energy Conservation vs. Debris
•Monolithic lite sacrificial
– Inboard facing – danger to occupants
– Outboard facing – falling debris
• Streets closed due to falling glass
• Loss of revenue
•No mandatory regulation
– Requirement appearing in specifications
– Fall out clause
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Fall-out Considerations
Interlayer (s)
Double Laminated
Thick Interlayers
Spacer
Glass
Flipped
(Occupant Safety
Concerns)
Double Laminated
“Thin Interlayers”
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Asia - 2009 Typhoon Paths
2009 Statistics
• 41 Depressions
• 22 Storms
• 13 Typhoons
• >2248 Fatalities
• >$12B Damage
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Bomb Blast Applications
• Many of the same issues as Cyclone/Typhoon
• Typically IGU
– Outboard lite monolithic
• Laminated lite prevents it from falling inward
• Rebounding causes broken glass to fly outward
then fall
• Protection of Occupants
• Protection of Other Internal Assets
• Keep Blast Wave out of the building
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Bishopgate Bombing
(London, England – 1993)
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Alfred P. Murrah Building
Oklahoma City, OK – USA 1995
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Other Applications?
•Seismic applications
•Sloped glazing
•Overhead glazing
•Bolted systems
•Skylights (Fall through)
– Considerations –
• Spontaneous breakage
• HS or FT laminated
• Updating Safe break philosophy
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Conclusions
……………………….
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Conclusions
• Safety requirements are typically mandated
– Minimum requirements
• Glazing should be selected:
–
–
–
–
Building use
Environment
Occupants
Pedestrians
- Optical distortion
- Post breakage behavior
- Durability
- Strength & comfort
• Available products can easily meet shard
containment requirements
• Energy conservation and/or harvesting can be
incorporated
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Laminated Glass can…
•Be Energy Efficient
•Break safely
•Contain shards
•Screen UV
•Filter noise
•Create colors, intrigue and ambiance
•Meet new design challenges and
•Provide Value and Comfort
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Contact Information
For further information
visit our website at:
www.Saflex.com
or contact:
Julia Schimmelpenningh
Thank You!!
Global Applications Manager – Architectural
Advanced Interlayers, a unit of Solutia Inc.
[email protected]
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