Transcript Document

An Overview
of
International
Business
Griffin & Pustay
1-1
Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
International Business, 6th Edition
chapter 1
Chapter Objectives
• Discuss the meaning of international
business
• Explain the importance of understanding
international business
• Identify and describe the basic forms of
international business activities
• Discuss the causes of globalization
• Comprehend the growing role of
emerging markets in the global economy
1-2
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The Business of the Olympics
1-3
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The Business of the Olympics
(continued)
• Intense reflection of international
business
• Government of games by IOC
• Competition for hosting
• Revenue sources for the Olympics
– Broadcast rights
– Corporate sponsorships
1-4
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What Is International
Business?
• Business transactions between
parties from more than one country
• Parties may include:
– Private individuals
– Individual companies
– Groups of companies
– Governmental agencies
1-5
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How Does International Business
Differ from Domestic?
• Currency conversion
• Legal systems
• Culture
• Availability of resources
1-6
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Why Study International
Business?
• Large organizations
• Foreign-owned subsidiaries
• Small businesses
• Competitors
• Business techniques and tools
• Cultural literacy
1-7
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International
Business Activities
• Exporting and Importing
• International Investments
• Licensing, Franchising, and
Management Contracts
1-8
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Exporting and Importing
• Exporting: selling of products made
in one’s own country for use or
resale in other countries
• Importing: buying of products made
in other countries for use or resale
in one’s own country
1-9
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Visible and Invisible Trade
• Trade in Goods
– Merchandise exports and imports
– Visible trade
• Trade in Services
– Service exports and imports
– Invisible trade
1-10
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International Investments
• Capital supplied by residents of one
country to residents of another
• Two categories:
– Foreign direct investments
– Portfolio investments
1-11
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Figure 1.1 Exports as a % of GDP
90
80
82.9
75
Percentage of GDP
70
60
50
44.1
39.7
40
35.7
31.8
28.8
30
27.1
21.4
20
17.8
14.5
10.8
10
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Other Forms of
International Business Activity
Management
contracts
Licensing
1-13
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Franchising
Variations of Organizations
Multinational Corporation
Multinational Enterprise
Multinational Organization
1-14
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Multinational Corporations
(MNCs)
• Engage in foreign direct investment
• Own and control foreign assets
• Buy resources in multiple countries
• Create goods and services in multiple
countries
• Sell goods and services in multiple
countries
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Table 1.1 The World’s Largest
MNCs
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• Wal-Mart
• Chevron
• Exxon Mobil
• ING Group
• Royal Dutch Shell
• Total
• BP
• General Motors
• Toyota Motor
• ConocoPhillips
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The Era of Globalization
Globalization: the inexorable integration
of markets, nation-states, and
technologies…in a way that is enabling
individuals, corporations and nationstates to reach around the world farther,
faster, deeper, and cheaper than ever
before
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Figure 1.2 World Exports
as a % of World GDP
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Figure 1.3 Foreign Direct
Investment Relative to World GDP
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Contemporary Causes of
Globalization
Strategic Imperatives
• To leverage core competencies
• To acquire resources and supplies
• To seek new markets
• To better compete with rivals
1-20
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Environmental Change and
Globalization
Changes in
Political
Environments
1-21
Technological
Changes
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Globalization and
Emerging Markets
BRIC
• Brazil / Argentina
• Russia
• India
• China
1-22
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Globalization and
Emerging Markets (continued)
Big Ten
Argentina
Brazil
China
South Korea Indonesia Mexico
Poland
Turkey
India
South Africa
1-23
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Framework of Book
• The World’s Marketplaces
• International Environment
• Managing International Business
• Managing International Business
Operations
1-24
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All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in
any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior
written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United
States of America.
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
publishing as Prentice Hall